Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > Pulm: Drugs used for PE/DVT > Flashcards

Pulm: Drugs used for PE/DVT Flashcards

1
Q

MOA of Heparin

A

Long polysaccharine that binds and activates ATIII to inhibit Factors Xa and IIa

Rapid onset in treating Red Clots in PE, stroke, DVT, DIC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which is rapid onset: Heparin or Warfarin?

A

Heparin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Is heparin safe in pregnancy?

A

Yes, “Keep your baby Heppy with Heparin”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the antidote to heparin or Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH) OD?

A

Protamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What do you monitor with heparin and warfarin?

A

Heparin: PTT

Warfarin: PT
-war takes place outside, extrinsic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are contrainidcations for all the drugs used for DVT?

A

Bleeding (hemophilia/thrombocytopenia) and stroke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What drugs are LMWH?

A

Enoxaparin, Delteparin, tinazeparin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

MOA of LMWH?

A

Inhibits Xa, prevents red clots

-little effect on existing thrombin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Clinical use of LMWH

A

Prevention of DCT after knee/hip surgery
Treatment of DVT w/ or w/o PE history
Prevention of ischemic events in ACS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Is enoxaparin safe in pregnancy?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which is more reliable, LMWH or heparin?

A

LMWH is easier to use, has a longer half life, and is now the first choice to prevent DVT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

MOA of fondaparinux

A

Binds Xa, preventing II->IIa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which one is more effective, fondaparinux or LMWH?

A

Fondaparinux is more effective, but bleeding risk is higher

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How do you administer fondaparinux?

A

SubQ Everyday

-long half life (too long?)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Clinical applications of fondaparinux

A

Prevention of DVT
Acute PE with warfarin
Acute DVT with warfarin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Is fondaparinux reversible with protamine?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Does fondaparinux cause HIT?

A

No

-only Heparin and LMWH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the Hirudin analogs?

A

Bivalirudin

-not used much; second line for dual therapy w asparin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Route of entry for bivalirudin?

A

Must be given IV

-parenteral

20
Q

MOA of argatroban

A

Prophylaxis and treatment of HIT

-monitored w PTT

21
Q

Route of entry for argatroban

A

IV, short half life

22
Q

MOA of Warfarin

A

Oral Inhibitor of vitamin K y-epoxide reductase

-decreases factors II, VII, IX, X and protein C/S

23
Q

Clinical applications of Warfarin

A

Long term prophylaxis of thrombosis

-especially in those with a-fib and mechanical heart valves

24
Q

How do you monitor warfarin?

A

PT/INR (eliminated by liver)

-goal=between 2-3

25
Q

Is warfarin safe in pregnancy?

A

No, crosses the placenta and disrupts bone formation

26
Q

What are the first two factors/proteins affected in warfarin?

A

Factor VII and Protein C

27
Q

Why does warfarin cause skin necrosis?

A

Protein C has a shorter half-life, so it creates a hypercoagulable state

28
Q

MOA of Rivaroxaban (and other xabans)

A

direct (oral) inhibitor of Factor Xa (activated factor X)

29
Q

What are the advantages of Rivaroxaban over Heparin?

A 
Rapid,
Fixed dose,
less bleeding,
Fewer interactions,
No need to monitor INR
30
Q

Clinical applications of rivaroxaban?

A

Prevention of DVT after knee/hip replacement

Prevention of stroke in a-fib

31
Q

What is important when taking rivaroxaban?

A

Must dose on time (short half life)

32
Q

Contraindications to rivaroxaban?

A

Bleeds
Renal/hepatic impairment
Pregnancy

33
Q

MOA of dabigatran

A

direct (oral) thrombin inhibitor

34
Q

Clinical application of dabigatran

A

Prevention of stroke in those with non-valvular A-fib

35
Q

If dabigatran safe in those with mechanical heart valves?

A

Nope, recently contrainidcated

36
Q

Antidote to dabigatran toxicity?

A

Idarucizumab

37
Q

Antidote to Xa inhibitors?

A

Andexanet alfa

38
Q

What is important to remember when storing dabigatran?

A

Must keep it in the manufacturer bottle

-pills are unstable==keep dry and room temp

39
Q

What are the thrombolytic drugs?

A 
TPA drugs (end in -plase)
-alteplase, reteplase, and tenecteplase

Streptokinase

40
Q

Adverse effects of thrombolytics?

A

Bleeding and allergic rxns (streptokinase mainly)

41
Q

How do you reverse the thrombolytic agents?

A

tranexamic acid and aminocaproic acid

42
Q

What should you do with subsegmental PE?

A

Just watch and wait, unless at high risk for reoccurance then anti-coagulate

43
Q

Can you send someone home with a PE

A

Yes if they are stable

44
Q

When would systemic thrombolytic therapy for PE be done?

A

If SBP <90 and low risk for bleed or if pt deteriorates

-no if SBP >90

45
Q

What is prefered for PE: Catheter or Fibrolytic therapy?

A

Fibrolytic therapy

Pharmacology (50 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions