Public Health

Question 1

What are the two main kinds of cancers in the oesophagus?

Answer 1

adenocarcinoma (glandular cells in lower oesophagus) (12%)

squamous cell carcinoma (epithelial cells) (88%)

Question 2

What are the 11 cancers that have an increased risk due to obesity/weight gain?

Answer 2

bowel
breast (postmenopause)
prostate (advanced cancer)
pancreatic
endometrial 
kidney
liver
gallbladder
oesophageal (adenocarcinoma)
ovarian 
stomach (cardia)

Question 3

What are the consequences of poor adherance to gluten free diet?

Answer 3

risk of immediate symptoms e.g. steatorrhoea, abdominal pain, lethargy

risk of long term complications e.g. osteoporosis, infertility

Question 4

What does Lynch Syndrome (hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC)) cause?

Answer 4

up to 1 in 25 bowel cancers

Question 5

What does overnutrition cause?

Answer 5

Obesity
excess alcohol intake
inactivity
^ all major risk factors for oesophageal, stomach, colon cancer

Question 6

What are the 5As of behaviour counselling?

Answer 6

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