Oral Health Flashcards
What is the most common kind of asymptomatic oral cancer?
granular
What are the causes of oral cancer?
Tobacco Alcohol Tobacco & Alcohol - specifically Diet & Nutrition HPV UVL – ultraviolet light Candida – association with cancer, not a strong indictor (yeast)
Name some particles in tobacco smoke?
carbon monoxide, arsenic, formaldehyde, cyanide, benzene, toluene and acrolein
What are the binge drinking levels for men and women?
8 units in one session - men
6 units in one session - women
What are the high risk sites for oral cancers?
Soft (non keratinizing) sites
Lateral tongue
What are the rare sites for oral cancer?
Rare sites - Dorsal tongue
Hard palate
NB - Buccal mucosa (Asia)
Name some malignant lesions?
Erythroplakia Erythroleukoplakia Leukoplakia Erosive lichen planus Submucous fibrosis Dyskeratosis congenital Sideropenic dysphagia
Name the signs of oral cancer?
Red / White/ Red & White lesion Ulcer (exclude trauma, drug, systemic etc) Numb feeling e.g. lip, face Unexplained pain in mouth or neck Change in voice Dysphagia
What can be the consequences of oral cancer?
Drooping eye lid or facial palsy Fracture of mandible Double vision Blocked or bleeding from nose Facial swelling
What are dental caries?
process involving the exchange of calcium and phosphate ions between tooth structure and saliva, in the presence of acids produced by the fermentation of carbohydrates by oral micro - organisms
How are dental caries assessed?
DMFT Index
Describe the DMFT Index?
Sum of… Decayed, Missing, Filled …teeth or surfaces
e.g. Of 32 teeth, a patient has 2 decayed, 4 missing and 6 filled…
D =2
M = 4
F =6
DMF =6+4+2 = 12
What does DMFT, DEF and DMFS mean?
DMFT – a count of all decayed or missing or filled teeth: a measure of obvious decay experience
def – a count of all primary teeth that are decayed, extracted due to caries or filled
DMFS - a count of all decayed or missing or filled tooth surfaces.
What is Peridontal disease?
Group of related conditions, both acute and chronic, characterised by inflammation of the periodontal tissues in response to the presence of dental plaque
Name some Peridontal diseases?
Gingivitis Chronic periodontitis Aggressive periodontitis Necrotising ulcerative gingivitis (NUG) Periodontal abscess Perio-endo lesion Gingival enlargement
