Puberty

Question 1

what is the normal and predictable sequence of sexual maturation?

Answer 1

breast budding(thelarche), adrenarche(hair growth), growth spurt and then menarche

Question 2

When does breast development begin and what is average age for menarche?

Answer 2

breast development begins around 10, average menarche is 12.7 for white girls and 12.1 for black girls

Question 3

What body weight is needed for menses to begin?

Answer 3

85 to 106 pounds (also sleep and optic exposure to light can delay)

Question 4

What brain abnormalities are associated with Kallmann syndrome?

Answer 4

olfactory tract hypoplasia and arcuate nucleus does not secrete GnRH, so these females have no sense of smell and dont develop secondary sexual characteristics

Question 5

how is Kallmann syndrome treated?

Answer 5

pulsatile GnRH

Question 6

What is true precocious puberty?

Answer 6

diagnosis of exclusion where the sex steroids are increased by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis with increased pulsatile GnRH secretion

Question 7

How is McCune Albright Syndrome characterized?

Answer 7

premature menses before breast and pubic hair development

Question 8

What are some CNS abnormalities associated with precocious puberty?

Answer 8

tumors(astrocytomas,gliomas,germ cell tumors secreting hCG), hypothalamic hamartomas, acquired CNS injury caused by inflammation, surgery, trauma, radiation therapy or abscess; or congenital anomolies(hydrocephalus, arachnoid cysts, suprasellar cysts)

Question 9

what is congenital adrenal hyperplasia?

Answer 9

21-hydroxylase deficiency results in adrenal gland being unable to produce adequate cortisol as a result of partial block in conversion of 17-hydroxyprogesterone to desoxycorticosterone with accumulation of adrenal androgens; this leads to precocious adrenarche

Question 10

What is treatment for congenital adrenal hyperplasia?

Answer 10

steroid placement

Question 11

What is the most common lower genital tract malformation?

Answer 11

imperforate hymen where the genital plate canalization is incomplete

Question 12

What is Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuser-Hauser Syndrome?

Answer 12

vaginal agenesis, an embryologic failure of the mullerian tract to develop resulting in lack of uterus and no vagina

Question 13

What is Chadwicks sign?

Answer 13

bluish color of the cervix caused by increased blood flow to the cervix and is an indication of pregnancy

Question 14

What ages is HPV vaccine offered?

Answer 14

between 9 and 26

Question 15

What is the genetic defect of Turner syndrome?

Answer 15

absence of one of the X chromosomes