Endometrial Carcinoma

Question 1

What are risk factors for endometrial cancer?

Answer 1

nulliparity, obesity, late menopause, hypertension, diabetes, and exposure to unopposed estrogens; obesity is greatest risk factor, especially when patient is 50 pounds over ideal body weight

Question 2

CAH(complex atypical hyperplasia) has what percent chance of progressing to invasive cancer?

Answer 2

29%, 30% of women with diagnosis of CAH will be found to have an invasive endometrial cancer on final pathology

Question 3

What is the presenting symptoms in majority of patients with endometrial carcinoma?

Answer 3

80-90% of women present with vaginal bleeding or discharge as their only presenting symptom

Question 4

What is best treatment for someone with pathologic diagnosis of endometrial cancer?

Answer 4

total hysterectomy with BSO with staging procedure to include lymph node dissection depending on depth of invasion and grade of the tumor

Question 5

what is hallmark of granulosa cell tumor?

Answer 5

estrogen secreting tumor, irregular bleeding, finding of hyperplasia

Question 6

when is theca lutein cyst seen?

Answer 6

setting of pregnancy(molar pregnancy) and is often bilateral

Question 7

Endometrial cancer is more likely with endometrial thickness great than?

Answer 7

5mm

Question 8

What does comprehensive surgical staging of endometrial cancer entail?

Answer 8

removing uterus, cervix, adnexa, and pelvic and para-aortic lymph node tissues as well as obtaining pelvic washings