Endometriosis Flashcards
What are typical symptoms of endometriosis?
dysmenorrhea and dyspareunia; nodularity along back of the uterus along uterosacral ligaments is suggestive; presence of endometrial glands and stroma outside uterus
What is adenomyosis?
endometrial glands embedded in wall of the uterus
A complex cyst seen on an ovary in endometriosis is most likely?
endometrioma(chocolate cyst)
What is the rate of endometriosis in infertile women?
30%
What is the gold standard in diagnosis of endometriosis?
surgery; which is often to manage the symptoms, especially pelvic pain
What is conservative vs definitive surgery in endometriosis?
conservative=laparoscopic ablation or excision of implants, excision of endometriomas
definitive=total hysterectomy/BSO
How do OCPs work in endometriosis?
provide negative feedback to pituitary-hypothalamic axis which stops stimulation of ovary resulting in ovarian suppression of sex hormone production, such as estrogen; since estrogen stimulates endometrial tissue located outside the uterus, it can be suppressed by OCPs especially when prescribed in continuous fashion
What is danazol and why isnt it frequently used?
synthetic androgen; can cause weight gain, increased body hair and acne and adverse effect on blood lipid levels
What are the two most common treatments for endometriosis?
NSAIDs, OCPs
What appearance does endometrioma have on ultrasound?
ground glass
In a patient with endometriosis who is unable to conceive and has otherwise negative workup for infertility, what should be done?
ovarian stimulation with or without intrauterine insemination
