Psychotherapeutics PG 848

Question 1

what are the different classes of psychotherapeutics

Answer 1

sedatives and hypnotics
anti anxiety drugs
antidepressants
antipsychotics
cns stimulants

Question 2

what is the action of sedatives and hypnotics

Answer 2

depress sensory cortex, decrease motor activity, alter cerebellar function, and produce drowsiness

Question 3

adverse effects of sedatives and hypnotics

Answer 3

dependents, somnolence, hypoventilation, nausea, bradycardia, agitation, confusion, nightmares, lethargy, vomiting, diarrhea, and hypotension

Question 4

contraindications of sedatives and hypnotics

Answer 4

hepatic impairment
dyspnea
porphyria
history of addiction

Question 5

subdivisions of anti anxiety drugs

Answer 5

benzodiazepines

non benzodiazepines

Question 6

action of benzodiazepines

Answer 6

bind to specific benzo receptors in GABA receptor complex

Question 7

what receptors do non benzo anti anxiety medications work on

Answer 7

dopamine and serotonin receptors

Question 8

which anti anxiety mediation is used for long term use

Answer 8

non benzos

Question 9

adverse effects of benzos

Answer 9

withdrawal (in as little as 4-6 weeks after initiation)

Question 10

what pregnancy class are most benzos

Answer 10

class d

Question 11

benzos should not be taken with what other types of medication

Answer 11

TCAs, antipsychotics, or alcohol

Question 12

what are the different classes of antidepressants

Answer 12

TCAs (tricyclic antidepressants)
MAOIs (monoamine oxidase inhibitors)
SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors)
SNRIs (serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors)
serotonin reuptake inhibitor/antagonist
dopamine/norepenephrine reuptake inhibitor

Question 13

action of TCAs

Answer 13

increase levels of norepinephrine and serotonin by inhibiting reuptake and blocking action of acetylcholine

Question 14

action of MAOIs

Answer 14

inhibits activity of monoamine oxidase resulting in increased endogenous neruo hormones

Question 15

action of SSRIs

Answer 15

increase serotonin by inhibiting reuptake in to CNS

Question 16

adverse effects of TCAs

Answer 16

dry mouth, blurred vision, postural hypotension, urinary retention

Question 17

adverse effects of MAOIs

Answer 17

vertigo, nausea, constipation, dry mouth, headache, overactivity

Question 18

adverse effects of SSRIs

Answer 18

nausea vomiting, sexual dysfunction, insomnia, and weight gain

Question 19

TCAs should not be prescribed within how many days of taking an MAOI

Answer 19

14

Question 20

MAOis combined with SSRI/SNRI/DNRI can cause what

Answer 20

serotonin syndrome

Question 21

wellbutrin can be used for what other purpose

Answer 21

smoking cessation

Question 22

how long is it expected for anti depressants to take effect

Answer 22

4-6 weeks

Question 23

antipsychotics work on what neurotransmitter

Answer 23

dopamine

Question 24

antipsychotics are divided in to what two classes

Answer 24

typical (1st generation) and atypical (2nd generation)

Question 25

adverse effects of antipsychotics

Answer 25

anticholinergic - dry mouth, hypotension, sedation, photophobia, headache

extrapyramidal - parkinson like syndrome, akathisia, dystonia

tardive dyskinesia - involuntary movements, rhythmic movements of tongue and face

neuroleptic malignant syndrome - hyperthermia, requires intensive symptom treatment

Question 26

contraindications of antipsychotics

Answer 26

hypotension, severe depression

Question 27

action of CNS stimulants

Answer 27

increase levels of neurotransmitters in CNS

Question 28

adverse effects of stimulants

Answer 28

headache, dizziness, insomnia, tachycardia, and blurred vision

Question 29

contraindications of stimulants

Answer 29

hypertension and stroke