Hormones

Question 1

What do thyroid hormones influence in the body?

Answer 1

Every organ and tissue. Principally concerned with increasing metabolic rate of tissue.

Question 2

What are thyroid class of drugs used for?

Answer 2

replacement therapy for hypothyroidism. usually safe for pregnancy

Question 3

What is the common adverse reaction to thyroid class drugs?

Answer 3

hyperthyroidism or overdose

Question 4

What are the contraindications for Thyroid class drugs? (2)

Answer 4

myocardial infarction or thyrotoxicosis

Question 5

What education would you give a patient who is new to taking Thyroid class drugs?

Answer 5

the effects can be apparent as soon as 48 hours but can also take up to 6 weeks

Question 6

What is the most common Thyroid class drug you would see patients taking?

Answer 6

Synthroid or Levothyroxine

Question 7

What actions do Male Hormone class drugs have?

Answer 7

Uses testosterone and its derivatives aid in the development and maintenance of secondary sex characteristics (deep voice, face/body hair, body fat distribution, and muscle development

Question 8

What are the uses for Male hormone class drugs?

Answer 8

replacement therapy (hypogonadism), breast cancer (females), delayed puberty (males)

Question 9

What adverse reactions can come from Male hormones?

Answer 9

breast enlargement in males, testicular atrophy, inhibition of testicular function, increase risk of develop prostate cancer, erythrocytosis (more RBCs than normal), risk of cardiovascular conditions, impotence (inability to achieve erection).

Question 10

What contraindications/warning/cautions are there for Male hormones?

Answer 10

Liver disorder, serious cardiac disease, prostate gland disorder, contraindicated for breast/prostate cancer in Males.

Question 11

Give one example of a Male hormone

Answer 11

Methyltestosterone

Question 12

What does estrogen do vs progestin hormones?

Answer 12

Estrogen: secreted by ovarian follicle, important for development/maintenance of female repro system (protein anabolism, thinning of cervical mucus, inhibitions of ovulation)
Progestin: secreted by corpus luteum (cyst that forms after the egg leaves the wall of the membrane, normal and goes away on its own), placenta, and adrenal cortex. Necessary for development of placenta and inhibit secretions of pituitary gonadotropins to help prevent maturation of the ovarian follicle and ovulation.

Question 13

What are the 4 examples of POPs (progestin only pills)

Answer 13

Norethindrone (minipill), Drospirenone (yazmin), Levonorgestril-single dose and two dose regimens (both within 72hrs).

Question 14

What is Monophasic, Biphasic, and Triphasic in regards to contraceptives?

Answer 14

Monophasic: fixed dose of estrogen and progestin throughout the cycle.
Biphasic/Triphasic: Deliver hormones similar to the levels naturally produced by the body. Provides lower doses but has the same effectiveness

Question 15

What are the 3 examples of COCs? (combines the progestin with estradiol)

Answer 15

Ethinyl estradiol and norethindrone
Ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel
Ethinyl estradiol and drospirenone

Question 16

What is the use of Female hormone class drugs?

Answer 16

Pregnancy prevention, regulation of menstrual cycle, dysmenorrhea, acne reduction

Question 17

What is important about contraception?

Answer 17

must take at the same time daily, effective for 24 hours exactly

Question 18

What are the adverse reactions of Female hormones?

Answer 18

breakthrough bleeding, headaches, mental depression, venous thromboembolism

Question 19

What are the contraindications/warning/caution of Female hormones

Answer 19

breast cancer, undiagnosed abnormal genital/uterine bleeding, thromboembolic disease, risk of thromboembolic disease increases for over 35 y/o and tobacco user