psychosocial ch. 3 Flashcards
race
determined by genetically inherited traits that are identifiable by physical characteristics, such as skin color, facial features, and hair color or texture
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ethinicity
people of similar backgrounds, who indentify with one another and choose to live or socialize together
minority
people who are not anglo-europeans
“less than” the majority culture
may be smaller group in the population, but does not have to be smaller in size as compared to the majority culture
ethnicity can be based on:
geographic origin or residence
migration history
race
language or dialect spoken
religion or spiritual beliefs
shared traditions, values, or symbols
occupation
sexual orientation
socioeconomic status (SES)
politics
culture
a pattern of learned beliefs, shared values, and behavior: language, styles of communication, practices, customs, and views on roles and relationships
culture vs race/ ethnicity
culture is learned, not inherited
acculturation
the process through which people in subcultures adopt traits of the larger, or normative, culture
-leave behind language and culture of origin
-fully assume the beliefs and behaviors of the majority culture
-may take more than one generation
factors that affect acculturation
age
length of time in the culture
place of residence (living with people of native culture or with majority culture)
language spoken at home
amount of contact with the country of origin
biculturalism
having strong connections to both the original culture and the majority culture
assimilation
group is totally absorbed into the dominant; culture of origin has disappeared
assimilation usually occurs when:
individuals are not physically different from the majority culture
when there is little contact with native culture
when there is little education or physical segregation
ethnocentrism
the belief in the superiority of one’s culture or ethnic group
US and Western culture is individualistic values what
values autonomy, self-determination
other cultures are collectivists
needs of the group supersede the individual
western culture is focused on what
western culture is focused on the future generally, being on time, plan and set goals
other cultures have what kind of time oriented
present oriented
example: Native American cultures
keeping scheduled appointments may not be important
past oriented cultures focus on what
past oriented cultures focus on traditional rituals or practices
certain asian cultures
rely on elders for decision making
communication in culture
language
translations may not be precise
family members as translators, sometimes children
social cues
