final exam prep for Manny Flashcards
planes of motion
frontal- adduction/ abduction
sagittal- flexion and extension
transverse- rotation, pronation and supination
types of synovial joints
saddle: carpometacarpal
hinge: elbow
ball and socket: hip
pivot:
condyloid:
ankle and foot bony landmarks
Talus
Calcaneus
Navicular
Cuboid
Lateral cuneiform
Intermediate cuneiform
Medial cuneiform
Metatarsals (1-5)
Phalanges
(Proximal, middle distal) 2-5
(Proximal, distal) 1st
ankle and foot bony muscles
Gastrocnemius- knee flexion and ankle dorsiflexion
Flexor digitorum longus-plantar flexion at talocrual joint and foot inversion
Flexor hallucis longus- plantar flexion at talocrual joint and foot inversion
Fibularis (peroneus) longus-plantar flexion and foot eversion
Fibularis (peroneus) brevis- plantarflexion and eversion
Plantaris- plantar flexion and weak knee flexion
Soleus- plantar flexion
Tibialis posterior- plantar flexion and inversion and adduction
Fibularis (peroneus) tertius- dorsiflexion and eversion
Extensor digitorum longus-extension of 2-5 digits, dorsiflexion and eversion
Tibialis anterior- dorsiflexion and inversion
Extensor hallucis longus- extension of big toe and dorsiflexion and inversion
Extensor hallucis brevis- extension of big toe
knee bony landmarks
Patella
Tibial tuberosity
Head of the fibula
Tibial plateaus
Pes anserine attachment
Edges of the femoral condyle
Epicondyles of the femur
Gerdy’s tuberacle
Trochlea groove
knee muscles
Rectus femoris- TKR and hip flexion
Vastus lateralis- knee extension
Vastus intermedius- knee extension
Vastus medialis- knee extension
Biceps femoris- knee flexion and external rotation and hip extension
Semimembranosus- knee flexion and internal rotation
Semitendinosus- knee flexion and internal rotation
Sartorius- knee flexion, abduction, and hip external rotation, knee flexion and internal rotation of lower leg
Gracilis- hip adduction and hip flexion, knee flexion and internal rotation of lower leg
Popliteus- internal rotation of lower leg, knee flexion
Gastrocnemius- plantar flexion and knee flexion
pelvic girdle bony landmarks
Proximal femur
Pelvic girdle: Ilium, Ischium, Pubis
Iliac crest (anterior, lateral and posterior)
Anterior superior iliac spine
Anterior inferior iliac spine
Posterior iliac spine
Anterior inferior iliac spine
Pubis (inferior ramus)
Ischial tuberosity
Greater trochanter
Lesser trochanter
Sacrum
pelvic girdle muscles
Gracilis- hip adduction and hip flexion, knee flexion and internal rotation of lower leg
Adductor magnus- hip adduction and hip extension
Adductor brevis- hip adduction and hip flexion
Adductor longus- hip adduction, internal rotation of the hip
Pectineus- hip adduction, hip flexion, hip external rotation
Sartorius- hip flexion, hip abduction, hip external rotation, knee flexion, lower leg internal rotation
Rectus femoris- TKR and hip flexion
Vastus lateralis- knee extension
Vastus intermedius- knee extension
Vastus medialis- knee extension
Biceps femoris- knee flexion and external rotation and hip extension
Semimembranosus- knee flexion and internal rotation
Semitendinosus- knee flexion and internal rotation
Gluteus medius- hip abduction, hip external rotation and hip extension, hip stabilization
Gluteus maximus- hip extension, hip external rotation, hip abduction
Gluteus minimus- hip abduction, hip stabilizers, hip external rotation
Iliacus- hip flexion
Psoas major and minor- hip flexion
Tensor fascia latae (and IT band)- hip flexion, hip internal rotation, hip abduction, hip stabilizer, external rotator of lower leg
spine bony landmarks
Cervical vertebrae
Thoracic vertebrae
Lumbar vertebrae
Atlas
Axis
Spinous process
Transverse process
Superior articular facet
Inferior articular facet
Lamina
Body of the vertebrae
Intervertebral discs (annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus)
12 pairs of ribs (7 true 5 false)
spine muscles
External oblique- bilaterally compresses abdomen, flexes the spine, unilaterally laterally flexes the trunk to the same side, rotates the trunk to opposite side
Internal oblique- spine flexion, unilaterally laterally flexes spine and rotates the spine to the same side
Rectus abdominus- flexes vertebral column, flexes abdominal wall, abdomen flexion
Transverse abdominus-
Rotatores- rotation of thoracic spine, spine extension, contralateral ration of the head (opposite side to turn of flexed muscle)
Multifidus- stabilization of vertebrae in local movements of vertebral column, thoracic spine rotation, neck and spine extension
Erector spinae (spinalis, longissimus, iliocostalis)- spine extension,
Quadratus lumborum- depresses 12th rib, unilaterally raises pelvis, hip hiking muscle, spine stabilizer
Intercostals
Sternocleidomastoid- neck flexion, neck lateral flexion, neck extension, contralateral rotation of the head (turning away from the side that the muscle flexes)
Splenius capitus- neck and spine extension and lateral rotation, ipsilateral rotation of the had (Turning towards the side that the muscle flexes)
Suboccipital- neck extension
Thoracolumbar fascia
shoulder and shoulder girdle bony landmarks
Manubrium,
sternum,
clavicle,
scapula,
distal humerus
Glenoid,
fossa,
spine of the scapula,
superior angle of the scapula,
inferior angle of the scapula,
lateral border of the scapula,
medial border of the scapula,
coracoid process
Supraspinous fossa,
infraspinous, fossa,
subscapularis fossa
elbow, forearm, wrist bony landmarks
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