Psychopathology Flashcards
statistical infrequency
an individual has a less common characteristic.
Example: more depressed than population
Deviation from social norms
different behaviour from what is accepted in society
failure to function adequately
someone is unable to cope with ordinary demands of day-to-day living
deviation from ideal mental health
someone doesn’t meet a criteria for good mental health
phobia
an irrational fear (object/situation)
behavioural
ways in which people act
emotional
related to a persons feelings or mood
cognitive
process of ‘knowing’ including: thinking, reasoning, remembering, and believing
depression
mental disorder characterised by low mood/energy
OCD (obsessive compulsive disorder)
condition characterised by obsessions and/or compulsive behaviour.
are obsessions cognitive or behavioural
cognitive
are compulsions cognitive or behavioural
behavioural
behavioural (behaviourist) approach
explaining behaviours in terms of what is observable and in terms of learning
two process model
explanation for the on set and persistence of disorders that create anxiety (such as phobias)
what are the 2 processes for onset and persistence
classical conditioning- onset
operant conditioning- persistence
classical conditioning
learning by association
process of classical conditioning
2 stimuli repeatedly paired.
- UNCONDITIONED stimulus (UCS) + NEUTRAL stimulus (NS)
- NEUTRAL stimulus eventually produces that same response that was first produced by the UNCONDITIONED stimulus alone.
operant conditioning
behaviour shaped and maintained by its consequences
consequences include:
- positive reinforcement
- negative reinforcement or punishment
systematic destination (SD)
behavioural therapy designed to reduce an unwanted response (like anxiety)
what does systematic destination require
drawing up a hierarchy of anxiety-provoking situations related to a person’s phobic stimulus, teaching the person to relax, then exposing them to phobic stimulus.
work through hierarchy and maintain relaxation.
flooding
person with a phobia is exposed to an extreme form of phobic stimulus to reduce anxiety triggered by stimulus.
Across a small amount of long therapy sessions
cognitive approach
focused on how our mental processes affect behaviour
