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psychodynamic approach Flashcards

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1
Q

who created the psychodynamic approach?

A

freud

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2
Q

what are the psychosexual stages?

A

oral, anal, phallic , latency , genital

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3
Q

what is the oral stage?

A

fixation on gullibility , immaturity and manipulative behaviour

need pleasure on the mouth - sucking

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4
Q

what is the two subtopics of the anal stage ?

A

anal retentive
anal explusive

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5
Q

what is anal retentive ?

A

obsession with organisation

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6
Q

what is anal expulsive ?

A

reckless defiant and disorganised behaviour

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7
Q

what is the two subtopics of the phallic stage ?

A

oedipus complex
electra complex

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8
Q

what is oedipus complex ?

A

boys sexually desire their mothers and envy their fathers. develop castration anxiety as fear of father finding out so they act more masculine copying their parent this is identification

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9
Q

what is electra complex ?

A

girls develop penis envy since they desire their father, desire is repressed with wish for baby and blame mother for castration

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10
Q

what is latency phase ?

A

no fixation but feeling sexually unfulfilled

no pleasure

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11
Q

what is genital stage ?

A

frigidity , impotence , unsatisfactory relationships

require vaginal and penis pleasure

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12
Q

when is oral stage ?

A

0-18 months

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13
Q

when is anal stage ?

A

18-36 months

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14
Q

when is phallic stage ?

A

3-6 years

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15
Q

when is latency stage ?

A

6 year till puberty

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16
Q

when is genital stage ?

A

11+ years

17
Q

what is the id principle ?

A

pleasure

18
Q

what is the ego principle ?

A

reality

19
Q

what is the superego principle ?

A

morality

20
Q

facts about the id

A
  1. only personality trait since birth
  2. selfish
  3. unconscious and drives instincts
21
Q

facts about the ego

A
  1. mediator of two other personalities
  2. uses defence mechanisms
  3. develops at 2
22
Q

facts about the superego

A
  1. formed after phallic stage (3-6)
  2. punishes ego for wrong doings
  3. represents moral standards of same sex parent
23
Q

what are the three parts of the mind according to Freud ?

A

conscious
preconscious
unconscious

24
Q

as a whole what are the three parts of the personality called

A

tripartite

25
Q

what is the pre-conscious

A

not conscious but can be easily accessed if desired

26
Q

what things are in the unconscious mind ?

A

biological instincts
memories / trauma
dreams
repressed desires

27
Q

three defence mechanisms

A

denial
displacement
repression

28
Q

evaluate the psychodynamic approach?

A

+ little Hans
- case study - we cannot make such universal claims about human nature
+ Practical applications - psychoanalysis - useful
- however, his findings were also very subjective it is unlikely that other psychologist would find the same as Freud and it cannot be appropriate for serious mental health disorders limiting its use
- like scientific rigour and basis. For example, the odeipus is not emperically verifiable. Popper argued this mean the psychodynamic approach is pseudoscience
- deterministic. All behaviour if predisposed by unconscious conflict or defence mechanisms even our accidental behaviour such as slip of the tongue/Paraplaxes is determined. This theory ignored free will and autonomy.

29
Q

describe little hans case study

A

boy developed fear of horses after seeing one collapse in the street
Freud said this was because he displaced the fear of his dad onto horses - due to his fear of castration for liking his mother as part of the oedipus complex

30
Q

what parts of personality are in the unconscious?

A

id and superego

31
Q

what parts of personality are in the conscious?

A

ego

32
Q

what shapes tripartite personality?

A

experience/conflicts in childhood shape the development of the 3 parts affecting how a
person behaves

33
Q

what is the role of the uconscious

A
  • the unconscious is the driving/motivating force behind our behaviour/personality
  • the unconscious protects the conscious self from anxiety/fear/trauma/conflict.
    traumatic (repressed) memories drive our behaviour
  • defence mechanisms, eg repression, denial, displacement, are used unconsciously to reduce anxiety
34
Q

what pleasure is needed at the anal stage?

A

pleasure at the anus

35
Q

pleasure at the phallic stage?

A

sex organs

36
Q

what is psychoanalysis?

A

therapy that aims to treat mental conditions by investigating the interaction of conscious and unconscious elements in the mind and bringing repressed fears and conflicts into the conscious mind by techniques such as dream interpretation

37
Q

what are defence mechanisms?

A

unconscious stratergies that the ego uses to mediate conflict between the superego and the id

38
Q

what are psychosexual stages?

A

stages of development every infant goes to ad each stage there is a fixation and conflict that has an outcome in which influences future behaviour

Psychology (44 decks)

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