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PSYC228 > PSYC228_Chap12 > Flashcards

PSYC228_Chap12 Flashcards

1
Q

personality

A

combination of emotional, attitudinal, + behavioural response patterns of an individ

plays role in determining how young person will experience transition to adulthood

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2
Q

big five or five-factor model of personality

A

theory that there are 5 personality traits that combine to express personality

openness to experience
conscientiousness
extraversion
agreeableness
neuroticism

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3
Q

personality inventory

A

a questionaire used to rate a person on a set of characteristics that amke up a respondent’s personality

rate descriptions of feelings, thoughts, behaviours on scale
yields personality profile

often completed by emerg + ya to help determine career match for personality, also indicate if personality warrants mental health professional

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4
Q

personality profile

A

unique combo of personality traits that describes more or less dominant features of an individual’s personality + dominance of the big five traits to one another

overall portrait of person that descibres the way that person is likely to think, act, or feel across variety of situations

yielded from personality inventory

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5
Q

myers-briggs type indicator MBTI 4 dimensions

A

introversion vs extraversion
sensing vs intuiting
thinking vs feeling
judging vs perceiving

  • career interest

personality test that maps people along 4 dimensions + commonly used in career counseling

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6
Q

minnesota multiphasic personality inventory second edition MMPI-2

A

personality test used by clinicians for purpose of assessing traits associated iwth mental illness

mental illness traits + top security clearance positiosn for US central intelligence agency

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7
Q

psychosocial development assumes

A

personality is shaped throughout lifespan
thru challenges we face in each life stage, personalities become more adaptive + sophisticated + improving our ability to control impulses + respond to demands of our social worlds

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8
Q

psychosocial development

A

set of theories that assume personality is shaped thru experience + interactions with environment thruout lifespan

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9
Q

erikson’s central task of adolescence?

A

establishing personal identity
who am I , what can I become

starts in teens, not resolved until 20s

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10
Q

role confusion

A

lack of secure sense of self + identity according to erikson

those who fail to resolve questions about their identity
appear adrift, aimless, + without direction

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11
Q

young adulthood erikson stage

A

intimacy vs isolation stage
try to find our place in world thru love + work
can I love?
erikson - achieving intimacy less to do with marriage or romantic partner but an outcome of knowing oneself + having ability to share oneself with another
achieving solid sense of self/identity = essential step in achieving true intimacy with another

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12
Q

intimacy vs isolation stage

A

erikson’s 6th stage of psychosocial development, leading to capacity to share oneslef with another or not

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13
Q

what was associated iwth well-being + relationship satisfaction in the 50s?

A

identity + intimacy in early 20s

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14
Q

personality continues to change thru transition to adulthood + it changes

A

more in 20s than later stages of adulthood

conscientiousness + agreeableness tend to inc
extraversion + openness to experience tend to dec
neuroticism dec after adolescence + thruout adulthood

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15
Q

erikson’s 3 forms of intimacy

A

physical intimacy - most notable during early stages, physical acts like sex, idea that true intimacy doesn’t appear till later

intellectual intimacy - as relationship grows stronger. based on having shared attitudes, opinions, preference. forms basis of social relationships + driven by need for humans to connect with others

emotional intimacy - final + most substantive type of intimacy. forms as people share info about themselves like goals + dreams with each other. erikson believed that emotional intimacy rarely appears during emerging adult yrs

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16
Q

family life cycle

A

stages of development a family goes thru as a function of the aging + maturation of individ family members

useful for understanding how first-order change or development of the individ is related to second-order change or changes in the family
understanding how changes in individ are related to changes in family

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17
Q

first order changes

A

development of the individ in a family life-cycle

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18
Q

second order change

A

in family life-cycle, changes in the family

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19
Q

differentiation

A

ability to maintain sense of self while in a relationship with others

takes center stage in families as adult children face transition to adulthood

healthy differentiation more likely in families with high cohesion + low conflict

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20
Q

affective support

A

emotionally based expressions of interest, care + concern

parents may be important source of affective support during transition

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21
Q

instrumental support

A

provision of tangible assistance
money, goods

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22
Q

emerging adults receive more financial support from parents who

A

received higher levels of education

23
Q

communion

A

levels of closeness + equality people want in their friendships

24
Q

agency

A

amount of control individs perceive + assert over their life

25
Q

individuality

A

extent to which individs actualize their true selves

26
Q

social network

A

group of people who identify themselves as connected bec of some similar demographic, like religion, age, ethnicity,, or common interest, who interact regularly

27
Q

social networking site SNS

A

internet-based community where people can join + conncet with others + share info + interact socially online

28
Q

consummate love

A

relationship involving emotional + physical intimacy
romantic or love that involves sexual relations with partner
triangular theory of love sternberg

29
Q

triangular theory of love

A

sternbergs 1997 theory suggesting that various types of love reflect diff combinatiosn of passion, intimacy, + commitment

thoery of consummate or romantic love

passion - physical componenet, lust, physical attraction, sexual desire, high heart rate, constant thoughts, need for proximity to person

intimacy - emotional connection as result of attachment + bonding, sharing personal feelings, beliefs, + values

commitment - conscious decision to maintain connection with another person. short-term = focus + mutually exclusive relationship
long-term = greater investment + acknowledgement of shared future

30
Q

assortative mating

A

process thruout animal kingdom in which species seek out similar partners as mates

people tend to date people who are similar to themselves

31
Q

what was associated iwth less steady romantic relationships in emerging adulthood?

A

harsh parenting + low parental monitoring

32
Q

hook-up

A

sexual event involving mutual consent + mutual agreement that no relationship commitment is expected

33
Q

heteronormative

A

assuming that heterosexual behaviour is the norm + that men + women fall into traditional sex roles in life

34
Q

cohabitation

A

commitment to live with an intimate partner without a marriage certificate

majority are young

35
Q

interpersonal schema

A

expectation about whether intimate relationships satisfy or deny emotional + psychological needs

assumption that adult attachment theories work from
interpersonal schemas developed during first yr of life are carried over into adult romantic relationships

36
Q

relationship churning

A

on-off pattern found in some intimate relationships where partners frequently break up + reconcile

mimics approach-avoidance type of relationship in insecure attachement of infants + caregivers

37
Q

personality disorder

A

long-term pattern of relating that causes problems in relationships + at work

1/5 18-25 yr olds apparently have a personality disorder

extreme cases of dysfunctional relating can result in intimate partner violence

38
Q

intimate partner violence

A

physical, sexual, or psychological harm committed against a victim by a current or former partner/spouse

39
Q

strongest predictors of interpersonal violence by young adulthood are

A

having a greater than average # of romantic partners + beginning sexual activity before age 16

40
Q

average marriage lasts

A

8 yrs
1/2 of first marriages end in divorce by age 30-women or 32-men

41
Q

gilbert says that strong relationships contain

A

separateness = creation of boundaries such that each person in relationship has self-direction + self-esteem

equality = preception that each partner holds equal status regardless of income, age, or traditional gender associations

openness = interactive sharing of ideas without fear of emotional consequences
high openness can only result when there is trust + honesty

42
Q

separateness

A

dimension of self in which individs in relationship maintain boundaries

43
Q

equality

A

reciprocal acceptance of each person’s worth in relationship

44
Q

openness

A

clear, honest, + relevant process of communication

45
Q

arranged marriage

A

cultural or religious tradition where family members + religious leaders rather than couple plan matrimonial arrangements
often have some level of input
family-initiated vs couple-initiated

common in cultures where anchored in heteronormative framework

46
Q

cognitive reappraisal

A

ability to re-evaluate cause of an emotional state + mediate response

emerging adults gain better control
little evidence of cognitive reappraisal in adolescents

47
Q

effortful control

A

ability to regulate responses to external stimuli

associated with mental health

48
Q

research on career choice focused on 2 key cariables that influence decision making

A

career outcome expectations
self-efficacy

49
Q

career outcome expectations

A

process one goes thru whne deciding about future career + focusing on costs + rewards involved in career choice

invidis realistic beliefs regarding costs + rewards of particular occupation

50
Q

self-efficacy

A

beliefs regarding one’s ability to succeed

do I have the academic skills to get into law + pass classes?

51
Q

identity consolidation

A

challenge of refining + organizing one’s personal identity in response to new adult roles, responsibilities + contexts

52
Q

diathesis-stress model

A

model suggesting abnormal behaviour results from combo of genetic predispositions toward psychopathology + environmental stressors

psycopathology cuased by interaction among genes environemtn + life experiences

53
Q

quarter-life crisis

A

hypothesis proposing that task of becoming adult is experienced as a personal crisis in mid 20s

takes into account genetics stressors + coping mechanisms to explain why some individs develop mental disorders

54
Q

what is one factor that contributes to overeall incing mental health during emerging adult yrs

A

ability to set + achieve goals

PSYC228 (16 decks)

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