Proximal femoral fractures Flashcards
what age are most patients who get a proximal femoral fracture (hip fracture)
> 60
what do all fractures need to heal
a blood supply
what are risk factors for proximal femoral fractures
doubles every 10 years after 50 osteoporosis (3x more common in females) smoking malnutrition xs alcohol neurological impairment impaired vision
what vessels supply blood to the femoral head
intramedullery artery of the shaft of the femur
medial and lateral circumflex arteries
artery of ligament Teres
where are intracapsular fractures
above the intertrochanteric line
what are the different types of intracapsular fracture
displaces
undisplaced
what is a basicervical fracture
fracture of the neck of the femur
complications of intracapsular femoral fractures
non-union
avascular necrosis
complications of extratrochantic fracture
always gonna heal but can have malunion or a non-union
signs of proximal femoral fractures
limb shortening
external rotation
how do you diagnose proximal femoral fractures
X-ray
MRI
what is shentons line
sign on x-ray showing the difference between the two hips
goes alone the context, up the neck and joints nicely with the pelvis
if there’s a fracture the shentons line isn’t smooth and stops in places
where does the joint capsule attach
the trochanters of the femur
what investigation do you do for complicated or difficult fractures
MRI
most successful management of a proximal femoral fracture
surgery and early mobilisation
