Protozoans Flashcards
Known for its ameboid characteristics, equipped with the ability to extend their cytoplasm in the form of pseudopods (often referred to as false feet), which allows them move within their environment.
Amoeba
They represent the important amoeba in humans. (3)
Entamoeba, Naegleria, and Acanthamoeba
6 species of the genus Entamoeba are capable of infecting man.
- Entamoeba coli
- Entamoeba hartmanni
- Entamoeba dispar
- Entamoeba moshkovskii
- Entamoeba gingivalis
- Entamoeba hystolitica
Entamoeba that is only pathogenic.
Entamoeba hystolitica
Entamoeba that is a zoonotic protozoan of pigs and monkey.
Entamoeba polecki
It is known to be commensals in humans.
Entamoeba polecki
Infections are asymptomatic and seldomly cause diarrhea.
E.polecki
These are free living protozoans found mainly in fresh water.
Naegleria and Acanthamoeba
Characteristically delicate and fragile and, because of their ability to produce and use pseudopods, motile.
Trophozoite
The morphologic conversion from the cyst form into the trophozoite form, occurs in the ileocecal area of the intestine.
Excystation
It only occurs in the trophozoite stage.
Replication — Trophozoite
The nonfeeding stage characterized by a thick protective cell wall designed to protect the parasite from the harsh outside environment when deemed necessary.
Cysts
The conversion of trophozoites to cysts, a process known as?
Encystation
It is frequently affecting invertebrate and vertebrate organisms.
Genus Entamoeba
Characterized by vesicular nucleus with a comparatively small karyosome located at or near its center and with varying characteristics of the peripheral chromatin attached to the nuclear membrane.
Genus Entamoeba
It is considered to be the “small race” of E. histolytica because of its size.
E.hartmanni
They are morphologically similar and can only be differentiated by isoenzyme analysis, restriction fragment length polymorphism, typing with monoclonal antibodies, and polymerase chain reaction. [3]
E. dispar
E. moshkovskii
E. histolytica
All entamoeba are lumen-dwelling protozoans except.
E. gingivalis
All entamoeba are non-pathogenic except.
E. histolytica
Cystic stage is the infective stage except.
E. gingivalis
First described by a young russian peasant named Losch, from a patient with a diarrheic stool.
Entamoeba histolytica
Reserved for those who actually have dysentery, or blood and mucus in the stools.
Amebic dysentery
A term that can be used to denote any symptomatic intestinal infection.
Amebic colitis
Size 16-60 um in diameter.
Entamoeba histolytica — Morphological Characteristics: Trophozoite
Motility: active and rapid; progressive and unidirectional; pseudopodia
Entamoeba histolytica — Morphological Characteristics: Trophozoite
Permanent stains such as trichrome or iron hematoxylin.
Entamoeba histolytica — Morphological Characteristics: Trophozoite
It has a spherical nucleus with a distinct nuclear membrane lined with chromatin granules and a small karyosome found near the center of the nucleus. Trophozoites usually have only one nucleus.
Genus Entamoeba
It has a vesicular nucleus with a relatively large, irregularly-shaped karyosome anchored to the nucleus by a achromatic fibrils.
Genus Endolimax
It is characterized by a large, chromatin-rich karyosome surrounded by a layer of achromatic globules and anchored to the nuclear membrane by achromatic fibrils.
Genus Iodamoeba
Originally proposed by Emile Brumpt in 1925
Entamoeba dispar & Entamoeba moshkovskii
It seem capable of causing focal intestinal lesions in experimental animals such as kittens, gerbils, and guimea pigs.
E. dispar
This entamoeba does not cause symptomatic disease, nor does it elicit the production of serum antibodies.
E. dispar
This entamoeba is approximately nine times more prevalent that E. histolytica, and together they infect about 10% of world’s population.
E. dispar
Entameoba that has now attained general acceptance as the name for the amebae formerly designated as “small race” E. histolytica.
Entamoeba hartmanni
It is cosmopolitan in distribution, and is considerably more common than other human amebae.
Entamoeba coli
First reported as an intestinal parasite of pigs and monkeys. E.polecki has been found occasionally in humans.
Entamoeba polecki
It is often found in pyorrheal pockets between the teeth and gyms and in tonsillar crypts.
Entamoeba gingivalis
Existing as a scavenger. Trophozoites feed on disintegrated cells and multiply by binary fission.
Entamoeba gingivalis
It is found in all populations that have been studied for its presence.
Entamoeba gingivalis
The infections of this entamoeba are contracted via mouth-to-mouth (kissing) and droplet contamination, which may be transmitted through contaminated drinking utensils.
Entamoeba gingivalis
It receives its generic name from the characteristics glycogen vacuoles of the cyst stage, which are so prominent that in iodine stains the cysts seem to contain little else.
Iodamoeba butschlii
The most common of the smaller intestinal amebae, Endolimax is usually encountered with about the same frequency as is E.coli.
Endolimax nana
It is found primarily in warm, moist regions of the world, as well as other areas in which poor hygiene and substandard sanitary condition exist.
Endolimax nana
Forms ion channels in the phagocytized bacteria and eukaryotic cells.
Amebapore
Trophozoites of a virulent strain of E. histolytica
Cytophagocytosis
Third most important parasitic disease.
Amebiasis
This ameba is found only in select areas of the world, with the highest prevalence occurring in Papua, New Guinea.
Entamoeba polecki
The most common of the smaller intestinal amebae.
Endolimax nana
It is usually encountered with about the same frequency as is E.coli.
Endolimax nana
Trophozoite with ingested RBCs are properly termed as?
Hematophogus
Red blood cells (RBCs) in the cytoplasm are considered diagnostic for?
E. histolytica
Recognized by the presence of a hyaline cyst wall.
Amoeba
Highly refractile in unstained preparations.
Amoeba
Excystation happens in the small intestine.
Amoeba
Human to human as well as pic to human are the major routes of parasite transmission.
Entamoeba polecki
A two combination that successfully treated patients with E. polecki
Metronidazole (Flagyl)
Diloxanide furoate (Furamide)
Known as an ameboma, develops most frequently in the cecal or rectosigmoid region.
Chronic granulomatous lesion
