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Clinical Parasitology > Coccidian II > Flashcards

Coccidian II Flashcards

1
Q

Though rare, it has a wide geographical distribution (higher prevalence in warmer climates).

A

Isospora Belli

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2
Q

The least common of the intestinal coccidia that infect humans.

A

Isospora Belli

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3
Q

Can cause severe disease with fever, malaise, persistent diarrhea and even death in AIDS patients.

A

Isospora Belli

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4
Q

Monoxenous (required one host) , probably not zoonosis: Asexual and sexual multiplication occurs in man.

A

Isospora Belli

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5
Q

Mode of Transmission: Human are probably infected by accidental hand-to-mouth ingestion of mature oocyst in food and water.

A

Isospora Belli

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6
Q

Habitat: Distal duodenum and proximal jejunum.

A

Isospora Belli

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7
Q

It may be from mild gastrointestinal distress to severe dysentery.

A

Clinical Manifestations — Isospora Belli

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8
Q

The loose, pale yellow and foul-smelling stools are suggestive of?

A

Malabsorption process

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9
Q

Infections are often asymptomatic and self -limiting.

A

Clinical Manifestations — Isospora Belli

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10
Q

There may be diarrhea over a period of several months to 15 years.

A

Clinical Manifestations — Isospora Belli

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11
Q

There may be chronic diarrhea, vague or crampy abdominal pain, weight loss, weakness, malaise and anorexi

A

Clinical Manifestations — Isospora Belli

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12
Q

The name is dervived from Greek: sarx means?

A

flesh

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13
Q

cystis means

A

bladder

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14
Q

rare human infection.

A

Sarcocystis

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15
Q

heteroxenous parasite

A

Sarcocystis

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16
Q

originally identified as 2 species.

A

Sarcocystis

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17
Q

taxonomic confusion

A

Sarcocystios

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18
Q

[2] generally named after host species

A
  1. Sarcocystis hominis
  2. Sarcocystis suihominis
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19
Q

[2] heteroxenous parasite

A
  1. predator-prey life cycle
  2. humans support both stages
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20
Q

originally identified as [2] species

A

intestine - isospora
tissue - sarcocystis

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21
Q

First human case reported in 1976.

A

Cryptosporidium spp.

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22
Q

Self-limiting diarrhea in immunocompetent persons.

A

Cryptosporidium spp.

23
Q

Profuse, watery diarrhea associated with AIDS (life threatening).

A

Cryptosporidium spp.

24
Q

Disease: Cryptosporidiosis

A

Cryptosporidium hominis

25
Q

Common cause of diarrhea among travelers and in day care centers.

A

Cryptosporidium hominis

26
Q

World wide in distribution.

A

Cryptosporidium hominis

27
Q

Can occur as water-borne outbreaks.

A

Cryptosporidium hominis

28
Q

Zoonosis from domestic animals.

A

Cryptosporidium hominis

29
Q

More common in children than adult.

A

Cryptosporidium hominis

30
Q
  • 4-5 mm oocysts
  • 4 sporozoites
  • no sporocysts
A

Cryptosporidium hominis

31
Q

Brush border of the mucosal epithelium of the stomach or intestine.

A

Habitat of Cryptosporidium Hominis

32
Q

May involved the gallbladder and pancreatic duct.

A

Habitat of Cryptosporidium Hominis

33
Q

Villi of intestine: infiltration of inflammatory cells into the lamina propia and elongated crypts.

A

Pathogenesis of Cryptosporidum Hominis

34
Q

Diarrhea and Nausea and vomiting, abdominal cramps, weight loss and fever.

A

Clinical manifestations of Cryptosporidium Hominis

35
Q

First human case in 1979.

A

Cyclospora Cayetanensis

36
Q

Name in 1993

A

Cyclospora Cayetanensis

37
Q

Initially called ‘cyano-bacteria like body’ (CLB) or large Cryptosporidium

A

Cyclospora Cayetanensis

38
Q

no known animal reservoir.

A

Cyclospora Cayetanensis

39
Q

More common in tropical and sub-tropical areas.

A

Cyclospora Cayetanensis

40
Q

Infection most common in HIV/AIDS patients.

A

Cyclospora Cayetanensis

41
Q

In freshly passed in stools, the oocyst is not infective (direct fecal oral transmission cannot occur; this differentiates from Cryptosporidium).

A

Cyclospora Cayetanensis

42
Q

In the environment, sporulation occurs after days or weeks at temperatures between 22°C to 32°C, resulting in division of the sporoblast into two sporocysts, each containing two elongate sporozoites.

A

Cyclospora Cayetanensis

43
Q

8-10 mm oocyts
2 sporocysts
2 sporozoites each

A

Cyclospora Cayetanensis

44
Q

Fresh produce and water can serve as vehicles for transmission

A

Cyclospora cayetanensis

45
Q

birds

A

C. baileyi

46
Q

cat

A

C. felis

47
Q

birds

A

C. baileyi

48
Q

cat

A

C. felis

49
Q

turkeys

A

C. meleagridis

50
Q

mouse

A

C. muris

51
Q

fish

A

C. nasorum

52
Q

mammals

A

C. parvum

53
Q

humans

A

C. hominis

Clinical Parasitology (15 decks)

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