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Bio 121 > Protists > Flashcards

Protists Flashcards

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1
Q

General characteristics

A

Eukaryotic (but prokaryotic-like organelles)

Mostly unicellular

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2
Q

Endosymbiosis

A

Unicellular organisms engulf other cells, with become organelles in the host cell

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3
Q

Excavata

A 
One of 5 supergroups
Non-functional mitochondria
Groove for feeding
Lack plastids
Anaerobic
Flagellated
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4
Q

Diplomonads

A

Members of Excavata

Giardia: intestinal parasite

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5
Q

Parabasalids

A

Members of Excavata

Trichomonas vaginalis: STD that infects vagina

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6
Q

Euglenozoans

A

Members of Excavata

Crystalline rod in flagella

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7
Q

Kinetoplasts

A

Members of Euglenozoa

Trypanosoma (Sleeping sickness): spread by Tsetse fly and infects nervous system

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8
Q

Euglinids

A

Members of Euglnozoa
Flagella
Mixotroph
Phagocytic

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9
Q

Chromalveolata

A

One of 5 supergroups

Engulfed a red algae

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10
Q

Dinoflagellates

A 
Members of Chromalveolata
2 flagella
Cellulose plates
Phytoplankton
Red tides
Bioluminescence
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11
Q

Apicomplexans

A

Members of Chromalveolata
Animal parasites
Plasmodium (Malaria)

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12
Q

Ciliates

A

Members of Chromalveolata
Use cilia to move and feed
Paramecium

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13
Q

Macronuclei

A

Nuclei paramecium use for daily functions

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14
Q

Micronuclei

A

Nuclei paramecium use for reproduction

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15
Q

Diatoms

A

Members of Chromalveolata
Pigments: Chl a and c, caroteoids, fucoxanthin
Silica in cell wall
Phytoplankton

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16
Q

Golden algae

A

Members of Chromalveolata
Mixotrophs
Phytoplankton

17
Q

Oomycetes

A

Members of Chromalveolata
Cells with cellulose
Once thought to be fungi

18
Q

Brown algae

A 
Members of Chromalveolata
Seaweeds
Thallus: algae that is plantlike
Holdfast (adhere), Stipe (exchange materials- stem), blades (leaves), floats (suspend in water)
Chl a and c, carotenoids, fucoxanthin
Cell walls: cellulose
Alternation of generations
19
Q

Rhizaria

A

One of 5 supergroups
Amoebas with thread-like pseudopods
Heterotrophs

20
Q

Cercozoans

A

Members of Rhizaria
Amoeboid
Flagellated

21
Q

Forams

A

Members of Rhizaria

Have CaCO3 shells through which pseudopodia extend

22
Q

Radiolarians

A

Members of Rhizaria

Internal silica skeletons through which microtubules extend

23
Q

Archaeplastidia

A

One of 5 supergroups

Contain algae species

24
Q

Red algae

A

Members of Archaeplastidia

Phycoerythrin- give blackish/reddish color

25
Q

Chlorophytes (green algae)

A

Members of Archaeplastidia
Chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids
Starch
Cell walls made of cellulose

26
Q

Unikonta

A

One of 5 supergroups
Heterotrophs
Decomposers
Contain amoebas, fungi, and animals

27
Q

Plasmodial slime molds

A

Members of Unikonta
Bright colors
Form super cell (plasmodium)

28
Q

Cellular slime molds

A

Members of Unikonta
Single cell
Can aggregate when food is scarce
Parasitic

29
Q

Gymamoebas

A

Members of Unikonta
Heterotrophs
Variety of environments

30
Q

Entamoebas

A

Members of Unikonta
Parasites
E. histolytica (dysentery)

31
Q

Desmids

A

Unicellular green algae
Symmetrical
Junction between 2 halves

32
Q

Chlamydomonas

A

Unicellular green algae

Move with flagella

33
Q

Chlamydomonas Sexual Lifecycle

A

Zoospores (haploid cells) have different mating strains (+ or -): isogametes
Zoospore nuclei fuse (syngamy): sexual reproduction
Zygote is resistant to environmental stressors
Meiosis produces more zoospores

34
Q

Volvox

A

Colonial green algae

Individual cells connected to each other by cytoplasmic strands

35
Q

Spirogyra

A

Filamentous green algae
Grow in end-to-end chains
Photosynthetic: ribbon-like chloroplasts

36
Q

Spirogyra Sexual Lifecycle

A

Haploid vegetative cells have opposite mating strains
Mating strains connect via conjugation tube
Male gamete fuses with female gamete
Resistant zygote forms
Asexual reproduction: fragmentation

37
Q

Oedogonium

A

Filamentous green algae

Have distinctive male and female parts

38
Q

Oedogonium Sexual Lifecycle

A

Antheridium (male part) releases antherozoids
Antherozoids travel to Oogonium (female part)-fuse with egg
Oospore (diploid) undergoes meiosis to form zoospore (haploid)
Zoospore forms into a filament
Mitosis occurs by fragmentation

Bio 121 (25 decks)

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