protein synthesis/punnett squares (f)

Question 1

name at least three functions have in our body

Answer 1

enzymatic reactions, hormones, form bones and muscles

Question 2

describe the three types of RNA

Answer 2

rRNA, mRNA, tRNA

Question 3

what are the building blocks for proteins

Answer 3

amino acids

Question 4

why are proteins important

Answer 4

in our cells and muscles, makes us who we are

Question 5

location of transcription

Answer 5

nucleus

Question 6

location of translation

Answer 6

ribosomes

Question 7

can dna leave the nucleus

Answer 7

no

Question 8

location of protein synthesis

Answer 8

ribosomes

Question 9

messenger RNA (mRNA)

Answer 9

copies DNA instructions and carries them to the ribosomes

Question 10

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

Answer 10

carries amino acids to the robosomes and mRNA sequence

Question 11

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

Answer 11

composes the ribosomes (makes them up)

Question 12

what does uracil replace

Answer 12

thymine

Question 13

proteins are involved in (4 things)

Answer 13

transport, structure, acting as enzymes, protect the body

Question 14

RNA

Answer 14

nucleic acid like DNA

Question 15

transcription

Answer 15

massage DNA

polymerase connect complementary RNA bases to DNA

Question 16

Translation

Answer 16

brings amino acids together, looking for complete pairs (?)

-> transfer amino acids

Question 17

codon

Answer 17

triplets

Question 18

anticodon

Answer 18

on tRNA
carries amino acid called methionine
pairs with codon

Question 19

transcription

Answer 19

dna is copied into a complementary strand of rna

1. dna is unzipped at the genes that are needed to be copied
2. rna polymerase uses a strand of dna to match rna nucleotide with the DNA nucleotides, this creates mRNA
3. dna zips back together and the mrna leaves the nucleus heads back to the cytoplasm

Question 20

translation

Answer 20

interpreting the rna message into a protein

1. codons from mRNA are read by the ribosomes

Question 21

point mutation

Answer 21

a base pair is added -> instead of an a, a g might be put down -> silent

Question 22

frameshift

Answer 22

when one extra base pair is added to a DNA strand

Question 23

silent mutation

Answer 23

no effect on the structure of the protein

Question 24

punett square

Answer 24

a method used to predict what genes an offspring or two parents might have can

Question 25

monohybrid

Answer 25

cross between one trait - use 2x2 box

50/50 or 75/25 when analyzing

Question 26

dihybrid

Answer 26

cross between two traits-use a 4x4 box
remember to foil first
9:3:3:1

Question 27

sex-limited

Answer 27

cross-looking specifically at males and females

analyze specifically with males and females

Question 28

what is the difference between homozygous and heterozygous

Answer 28

homozygous is the same, heterozygous is two different

Question 29

difference between phenotype vs genotype

Answer 29

phenotype -> what you see

genotype -> related to genes

Question 30

incomplete dominance

Answer 30

neither allele is completely dominant or recessive

heterozygous phenotype is between two homozygous phenotypes

Question 31

codominance

Answer 31

both traits are fully expressed

Question 32

xx

Answer 32

female

Question 33

xy

Answer 33

male