dna replication (f)

Question 1

what is dna

Answer 1

double stranded, antiparallel, a double helix, and is made of nucleotides

Question 2

double stranded

Answer 2

complementary strands

Question 3

antiparallel

Answer 3

runs in opposite directions

Question 4

double helix

Answer 4

two backbones to the helix

Question 5

made of nucleotides

Answer 5

adenine thymine guanine cytosine

Question 6

what are the parts of a nucleotide

Answer 6

nitrogen base, phosphate, and sugar

Question 7

sugar also known as

Answer 7

deoxyribose

Question 8

nitrogen base

Answer 8

makes nucleotides different from one anoter

Question 9

what are the enzymes involved in dna repliaction

Answer 9

primase, polymerase, ligase, helicase

Question 10

primase

Answer 10

starts dna synthesis

Question 11

dna polymerase

Answer 11

adds dna bases and proofreads the strand

Question 12

dna ligase

Answer 12

seals gaps in dna by connecting dna segments

Question 13

helicase

Answer 13

opens the two strands of dna, creates the origin of replication

Question 14

leading strand

Answer 14

continous replication

Question 15

lagging strand

Answer 15

discontinous replication

Question 16

leading strand

Answer 16

made towards the replication fork

Question 17

how many primers do you need for leading strand

Answer 17

1

Question 18

continuous or discontinuous replication in leading strand?

Answer 18

continuous

Question 19

lagging strand

Answer 19

made away from the replication fork

Question 20

how many primers are needed for lagging strand

Answer 20

many

Question 21

continuous or discontinuous replication in lagging strand?

Answer 21

discontinuous, creates okazaki fragments

Question 22

how many steps are in dna replication

Answer 22

4

Question 23

first step of dna replication

Answer 23

Helicase opens the helix, creating the origin of replication

Question 24

second step of dna replication

Answer 24

Primase puts down a primer to tell Polymerase where to begin

Question 25

third step of dna replication

Answer 25

Polymerase puts down new base pairs, building the complementary strand

Question 26

fourth step of dna replication

Answer 26

Ligase binds all of the fragments of DNA together, to create a continuous strand

Question 27

nondisjunction

Answer 27

homologous chromosomes that failed to separate in meiosis

Question 28

what is the result in nondisjunction

Answer 28

trisomy or monosomy

Question 29

what is trisomy

Answer 29

three extra chromosomes

Question 30

what is monosomy

Answer 30

one extra chromosomes

Question 31

xy

Answer 31

male

Question 32

xx

Answer 32

female

Question 33

karyotype

Answer 33

a visual to show a complete set of chromosomes

Question 34

when does dna replicate

Answer 34

right before it divides

Question 35

semi-conservative

Answer 35

two copies contain one old original strand and one new strand

Question 36

5’ -> 3’

Answer 36

dna polymerase always builds in this direction

Question 37

antiparallel (5’ -> 3’)

Answer 37

dna strands run in opposite direction, one goes in the 5 -> 3 direction while the other goes in the 3’ -> 5’ direction

Question 38

prime

Answer 38

the carbons on the nitrogen base are numbered

the apostrophes are called prime

Question 39

what direction are leading and lagging strand in

Answer 39

5’ -> 3’’