cell organelles (f) Flashcards
cytosol
just the fluid
cytoplasm
fluid and organelles
holds organelles in place
structure of cytosol and cytoplasm
jelly-like substance
what are cytosol and cytoplasm mainly made of
water
what is the job of cytosol and cytoplasms
holds everything in place
what is the structure of the nucleus
Contains genetic material (DNA)
Surrounded by a nuclear envelope/membrane
what is the job of nucleus
protects the dna that controls the activities of the cell
structure of the nucleolus
inside of the nucelus
what is the job of nucleolus
makes rna
structure of ribosomes
made of proteins and rna
where are ribosomes located
floating in cytoplasm and rough ER
what is the job of ribosome
make proteins
what does smooth er stand for
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
structure of smooth er
attached to rough er and no ribosomes
what is the job of smooth er in the membrane
make lipids
what is the job of smooth er in the liver
destroys toxins
what is the job of smooth er in muscles
regulates calcium
what is the structure of rough er
has ribosomes and hugs the nucleus
what is the job of rough er
makes proteins
what is the structure of golgi apparatus
folded membrane
what is the job of the golgi apparatus
gets vesicles of protein from ER
ships proteins where needed
vesicles
mini-carts” that transport proteins around the cell
structure of mitochondria
two parts: inner and matrix
what is the job of mitochondria
where cellular respiration happens
breaks down food to release energy as ATP
what is the structure of vacuoles in animal cells
small and numerous
what is the structure of vacuoles in plant cells
1 large cell
what is the function
of vacuoles
storage
where are cilia and flagella found in
protist and bacteria cells
what is the structure of cilia
shorter and numerous
what is the structure of Flagella
longer, fewer
what is the job of cilia and flagella
movement
what is the structure of lysosomes
contain enzymes
what is the job of lysosomes
breaks down dead matter and can do programmed cell death
what is the process of programmed cell death called
apoptosis
where are chloroplasts found in only
plant cells
where are lysosomes found in only
animal cells
what is the structure of chloroplast
grana and stroma
what is the job of chloroplast
where photosynthesis happens
converts energy from the sun into sugar
where is the cell wall found in only
plant and bacteria cells
what is the structure of the cell wall
made of cellulose, chitin, and peptidoglycan
what is the job of the cell wall
protect and maintain shape
how many cells are in the human body
30 trillion
what are the three things in the modern cell theory
the cell is the smallest living unit in all organisms
all living things are made of cells
all cells come from other pre-existing cells
cell membrane
made of phospholipids and found in every cell
genetic material
dna and rna
example of unicellular
bacteria
example of multicellular
kangaroo
are ribosomes membrane bound organelles?
no because they are found in all cells
prokaryotes
no nucleus or membrane bound organelles
are prokaryotes uni or multi?
unicellular
what do prokaryotes use for division
binary fission
eukaryotes
nucleus and membrane bound organelles
what do eukaryotes use for division
mitosis
