immune system (f) Flashcards
what is immunity
Resistance to an infection and defenses against disease
what are the two types of immunity
specific and non specific
nonspecific (innate)
1st and 2nd line of deffense
specific (acquired)
3rd line of defense
first line of defense
structural defense
example of 1st line of defense
skin and mucus
2nd line of defense
cell mediated, Macrophages surround & destroy any foreign matter
examples of 2nd line of defense
Fever & swelling/Inflammation
3rd line of defense
Lymphocytes (white blood cells)
what are the two types of white blood cells
b cells and t cells
b cells mature
mature in the bone marrow
examples of b cells
antibodies, plasma cells
t cells mature
mature in the thymus
example of t cells
Killer T & Helper T cells
what is a virus
it’s nonliving
example of macrophage
lysosomes
example of virus infections
cold, flu, HIV, Hepatitis, measles
example of bacterial infections
Bubonic plague, Lymes Disease, Strep throat
what are viral infections
Only reproduce INSIDE of a cell, they CANNOT live on their own!
They are non-living and require our cells to survive
three shapes to the bacteria
circle, rod, sphere
how does bacterial infections reproduce
binary fission
what are spike proteins
feature of all viruses
what is apc
antigen presenting cells
who are the middle man of the immune system
helper t cells
killer t cells
look for cells with that specific antigen and destroy them
memory cells
b cell ready to release antibodies if infected again
Considered the “middle man” of the immune system
Helper T Cells
A fever is part of the..
Innate Immune System
Skin is part of the…
Innate Immune System
Antigens are part of the…
Acquired Immune System
Memory Cells are part of the…
Acquired Immune System
Inflammation is part of the…
Innate Immune System
Our body’s first line of defense against a pathogen is
Skin & Mucus
Once a macrophage as digested a pathogen, it presents the antigen to a…
Helper T Cell
Which cells are responsible for destroying infected cells?
Killer T Cells
Which cells are responsible for communicating the message of the shape of the antigen?
Helper T Cells
Antibodies come from…
B Cells
An antibody is a…
Protein
T/F Antibodies are specific to antigens
True
Memory cells are made from…
B Cells
An invader/bad particle in our body
Antigen/pathogen
Chemical that swells
Histamine
What type of vaccine is the Covid-19 vaccine?
mRNA
What is the unifying feature of all Covid-19 variants?
Spike Protein
Bacteria is
living
Antibiotics work against…
Bacteria
A flu vaccine is usually made with…
Live/weakened strand
macrophage
links nonspecific and specific
What mRNA does & what it’s coding for specifically
Our bodies use the mRNA to code spike proteins out of ribosomes
Organelle that reads/processes the mRNA
macrophages, they break down the virus
The protein that your body will see as a pathogen
Spiked proteins is a pathogen because since it is foreign, our body will want to destroy it
The importance of B cells
B Cells create the antibodies to stop antigens from infecting cells. They are engulfed by macrophages.
what are memory cells
immunity
what does helper t cells bind to
APC
what does htc do
alert b cells to antigen
Complete the sentence: A Killer T Cell will destroy any and all _______________ while an antibody will attach to and deactivate any and all ______________.
Antigens / Infected Cells
Antibodies are considered…
