Protein Synthesis Inhibitors Flashcards
What are main groups of the protein synthesis inhibitors?
30S + 50S
What are the groups under 30S inhibitors?
- Tetracycline
- Glycylcyclines
- Aminoglycosides
What are the groups under 50S inhibitors?
- Macrolides/Ketolides
- Chloramphenicol
- Lincosamide
- Quinupristin/Dalfopristin
- Linezolid
What are the tetracyclines?
- Demeclocycline
- Doxycycline
- Minocycline
- Tetracycline
What are the glycylcyclines?
Tigecycline
What are the aminoglycosides?
- Gentamicin
- Amikacin
- Neomycin
- Streptomycin
- Tobramycin
What are the AB that can be utilized via inhalation?
Aztreonam and Tobramycin
What are the macrolides?
- Azithromycin
- Clarithromycin
- Erythromycin
What are the ketolides?
Telithromycin
What is the spectrum of activity of Tetracyclines?
- Broad coverage
- Rickettsiae
- Spirochetes (Lyme disease)
- Mycoplasma
- Chlamydia
What is the drug of choice for treating Rocky Mountain spotted fever?
Doxycycline
Which tetracyclines can be used against MRSA?
Doxycycline + Minocycline
What is the condition that you may get from using outdated TCN?
Fanconi syndrome
What are the AE of TCNs?
- Photosensitivity
2. Discoloration of teeth in children
What interactions occur w/ TCNs?
- Divalent or Trivalent cations
- Milk/calcium products
* *take RX 2 hrs before or after
What is the spectrum of activity of Tigecycline?
MRSA + VRE, G-, and Anaerobes
What is the spectrum of activity of Aminoglycosides?
G- and G+, Aerobe, P. aeruginosa
Aminoglycosides are considered (bactericidal/bacteriostatic) in a concentration-dependent manner
Bactericidal
Do Aminoglycosides display post antibiotic effect?
Yes
How often are Aminoglycosides dosed?
QD
What is the MOA of Aminoglycosides?
Interferes w/ initiation of protein synthesis by fixing 30S-50S complex at start codon, induces misreading of mRNA, and incorporating incorrect AA
In what form are aminoglycosides available?
IV only
What are the distribution patterns for Aminoglycosides?
- Doesnt enter CSF
2. Distributes poorly into adipose tissue (adjust for body weight dosing)
What are the AEs of Aminoglycosides?
- Ototoxicity
- Nephrotoxicity (gradual rise in BUN and serum creatinine)
- Neuromuscular blockade
What kind of coverage does Erythromycin have?
Good G+ coverage
Little G- coverage
What kind of coverage does Azithromycin have?
Adds more G- coverage compared to Erythromycin + covers Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare
What kind of coverage does Clarithromycin have?
Adds more G- coverage compared to Erythromycin + covers Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare
What kind of coverage does Telithromycin have?
Adds more coverage and S.
Pneumoniae and S. aureus compared to Erythromycin
What is the common coverage amongst the Macrolides/Ketolides?
- Legionella pnuemophilia
- Chlamydia sp.
- Mycoplasma sp.
What is another Macrolide used to treat Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea?
Fidaxomicin
Which Macrolide/Ketolides MUST be taken on an empty stomach?
Azithromycin
Which Macrolide/Ketolide is discontinued in the U.S.?
Telithromycin
Which Macrolide/Ketolide is NOT metabolized by P450 3A4?
Azithromycin
