Anti-virals (Non HIV/HEP)

Question 1

Nucleoside anti-viral RXs must be transformed to ________ for activity

Answer 1

Nucleotide triphosphates

Question 2

Virus kinases causes what?

Answer 2

Mono-phosphorylation

Question 3

Nucleotide triphosphate form of RX inhibits viral __________

Answer 3

DNA polymerase

Question 4

What RXs inhibit viral DNA polymerase?

Answer 4

Vidarabine
Acyclovir
Ganciclovir
Foscarnet

Question 5

Acyclovir AE?

Answer 5

1. Precipitation of drug (causing acute renal failure)

2. Neurologic toxicity

Question 6

How could you treat acyclovir’s AE?

Answer 6

Renal failure - hydration and slowing infusion rate

Neurologic toxicity - nothing, usually in pt w/ renal failure

Question 7

Ganciclovir AE?

Answer 7

1. Bone marrow suppression
2. Hematologic/renal toxicity (warning to those taking immunosuppressive drugs)
3. GI effects

Question 8

Cidofovir MOA?

Answer 8

Cell kinase converts to nucleotides via NON-viral mediated phosphorylation

Question 9

Cidofovir AE?

Answer 9

1. Systemic toxicity
2. Nephrotoxicity
3. CMV retinitis in HIV patients

Question 10

Which drug is considered to be a perfect antiviral drug because it is specific and nontoxic?

Answer 10

Acyclovir

Question 11

Valacyclovir is a prodrug to what?

Answer 11

Acyclovir

Question 12

Famciclovir is a prodrug to what?

Answer 12

Penciclovir

Question 13

Valganciclovir is a prodrug to what?

Answer 13

Ganciclovir

Question 14

What is the only antiviral that is good against CMV?

Answer 14

Ganciclovir

Question 15

Which RX is used against CMV retinitis?

Answer 15

Foscarnet

Question 16

Which RX is used against acyclovir-resistant HSV and VZV infections?

Answer 16

Foscarnet

Question 17

Which RX accumulates in bone matrix and causes hypocalcemia?

Answer 17

Foscarnet