Protection for the DH Flashcards
Can we rely on the patient to tell us the truth about their medical history?
no
What universal precautions can we take to protect ourselves when treating a patient?
- gloves
- mask
- eyewear
- sharp items put in puncture resistant containers
what is an effective method of disease transmission
cross contamination from dirty instruments
What is hepatitis
inflammation of the liver
Hepatitis A: incubation period, transmission, problems associated with it, is there a vaccine available
used to be called infectious hepatitis short incubation period 2-6 weeks rarely causes any serious problems can be transmitted by blood to blood contact, contaminated water with oral fecal in it (most common), and raw oysters too vaccine available
Hepatitis B: incubation period, transmission, problems associated with it, is there a vaccine available
- used to be called serum hepatitis
- long incubation period of several months
- transmission is through sexual contact, used needles by drug users, blood/body fluid contact
- Can cause liver necrosis (destruction)
- very virulent
- no vaccine available
- leads to death
which hepatitis produces the serological marker Austrailian Antigen
Hepatitis B
are people infectious with Hepatitis if they don’t have any symptoms?
yes; they become infectious the minute they contract the disease
Hepatitis C: another name for it, transmission, vaccine available?, incubation period
also called non-A non-B hepatitis no vaccine available transmitted the same way as Hep B long incubation period can stay in body for a long period of time and cause liver necrosis
how is aids transmitted?
- blood to blood contact
- contact with body fluids
- sexual contact: homosexual contact
- shared needles
- IV drug users
what form of cancer do people get normally from aids?
kaposi’s sarcoma
what is kaposi’s sarcoma?
cancer of endothelial layer of blood vessels
what are symptoms of kaposi’s sarcoma
meningitis, pneumocystic carinii, chronic cough, weight lost, herpes zoster, night sweats, enlarged lymph nodes
oral signs/symptoms of aids
- enlarged cervical nodes
- hairy leukoplakia
- oral candadiasis
- herpes simplex lesions
- other oral cancers in the mouth
What does aids mimic?
mononucleosis
how long can the incubation period for aids be?
10 years
what kind of virus is aids? what is this?
retrovirus; RNA virus that contains an enzyme known as transcriptase
process of retrovirus
infected cell + viral reverse transcriptaste=produces DNA=DNA is inserted into DNA of cell=DNA is coded for more viral production
what cells does the aids virus infect
T-4 lymphocytes which are the most important cells in the immune system
How is aids treated?
drug cocktail which is viral medications that slow the viral replication. multiple drugs combined for a vaccine to help immune system overcome the virus by not mutating
how likely is a dentist to get the hepatitis virus? Aids virus?
aids=.03%
hepatitis=30%
what group of people has the highest amount of HIV?
homosexual males
What are the 2 variations with herpes simplex
- herpes simplex 1=cold sores
2. herpes simplex 2=genital herpes
how can one get herpes simplex 2
sexual contact
is someone infectious to others with Herpes simplex 2 even if there are no lesions present?
yes
2 distinct lesions of herpes simplex 1
- primary herpetic gingivostomatitis=1st time of getting herpes, and inflammation of oral cavity and gingiva
- recurrent herpes lesions=lies dormant in nerve ganglia, and reactivated by stress
define herpetic whitlow
infection on the finger or thumb and contagious to others
define herpes zoster
virus that causes shingles, which is a herpes infection on the skin
are there cures for herpes simplex?
no
