Protection for the DH

Question 1

Can we rely on the patient to tell us the truth about their medical history?

Answer 1

no

Question 2

What universal precautions can we take to protect ourselves when treating a patient?

Answer 2

1. gloves
2. mask
3. eyewear
4. sharp items put in puncture resistant containers

Question 3

what is an effective method of disease transmission

Answer 3

cross contamination from dirty instruments

Question 4

What is hepatitis

Answer 4

inflammation of the liver

Question 5

Hepatitis A: incubation period, transmission, problems associated with it, is there a vaccine available

Answer 5

used to be called infectious hepatitis 
short incubation period 2-6 weeks
rarely causes any serious problems
can be transmitted by blood to blood contact, contaminated water with oral fecal in it (most common), and raw oysters too
vaccine available

Question 6

Hepatitis B: incubation period, transmission, problems associated with it, is there a vaccine available

Answer 6

• used to be called serum hepatitis
• long incubation period of several months
• transmission is through sexual contact, used needles by drug users, blood/body fluid contact
• Can cause liver necrosis (destruction)
• very virulent
• no vaccine available
• leads to death

Question 7

which hepatitis produces the serological marker Austrailian Antigen

Answer 7

Hepatitis B

Question 8

are people infectious with Hepatitis if they don’t have any symptoms?

Answer 8

yes; they become infectious the minute they contract the disease

Question 9

Hepatitis C: another name for it, transmission, vaccine available?, incubation period

Answer 9

also called non-A non-B hepatitis
no vaccine available
transmitted the same way as Hep B
long incubation period
can stay in body for a long period of time and cause liver necrosis

Question 10

how is aids transmitted?

Answer 10

• blood to blood contact
• contact with body fluids
• sexual contact: homosexual contact
• shared needles
• IV drug users

Question 11

what form of cancer do people get normally from aids?

Answer 11

kaposi’s sarcoma

Question 12

what is kaposi’s sarcoma?

Answer 12

cancer of endothelial layer of blood vessels

Question 13

what are symptoms of kaposi’s sarcoma

Answer 13

meningitis, pneumocystic carinii, chronic cough, weight lost, herpes zoster, night sweats, enlarged lymph nodes

Question 14

oral signs/symptoms of aids

Answer 14

• enlarged cervical nodes
• hairy leukoplakia
• oral candadiasis
• herpes simplex lesions
• other oral cancers in the mouth

Question 15

What does aids mimic?

Answer 15

mononucleosis

Question 16

how long can the incubation period for aids be?

Answer 16

10 years

Question 17

what kind of virus is aids? what is this?

Answer 17

retrovirus; RNA virus that contains an enzyme known as transcriptase

Question 18

process of retrovirus

Answer 18

infected cell + viral reverse transcriptaste=produces DNA=DNA is inserted into DNA of cell=DNA is coded for more viral production

Question 19

what cells does the aids virus infect

Answer 19

T-4 lymphocytes which are the most important cells in the immune system

Question 20

How is aids treated?

Answer 20

drug cocktail which is viral medications that slow the viral replication. multiple drugs combined for a vaccine to help immune system overcome the virus by not mutating

Question 21

how likely is a dentist to get the hepatitis virus? Aids virus?

Answer 21

aids=.03%

hepatitis=30%

Question 22

what group of people has the highest amount of HIV?

Answer 22

homosexual males

Question 23

What are the 2 variations with herpes simplex

Answer 23

1. herpes simplex 1=cold sores

2. herpes simplex 2=genital herpes

Question 24

how can one get herpes simplex 2

Answer 24

sexual contact

Question 25

is someone infectious to others with Herpes simplex 2 even if there are no lesions present?

Answer 25

yes

Question 26

2 distinct lesions of herpes simplex 1

Answer 26

1. primary herpetic gingivostomatitis=1st time of getting herpes, and inflammation of oral cavity and gingiva
2. recurrent herpes lesions=lies dormant in nerve ganglia, and reactivated by stress

Question 27

define herpetic whitlow

Answer 27

infection on the finger or thumb and contagious to others

Question 28

define herpes zoster

Answer 28

virus that causes shingles, which is a herpes infection on the skin

Question 29

are there cures for herpes simplex?

Answer 29

no