Benign and Malignant Tumors of Oral Cavity

Question 1

Benign tumors of oral cavity:

Answer 1

1. papilloma
2. pigmented cellular nevus
3. fibroma
4. lipoma
5. hemangioma
6. peripheral giant cell granuloma

Question 2

pre-malignant lesions

Answer 2

1. leukoplakia
2. leukoedema
3. erthroplakia
4. nicotinic stomatitis
5. carcinoma-insitu
6. basal cell carcinoma
7. squamous cell carcinoma
8. verrucous carcinoma
9. malignant melanoma
10. oseosarcoma

Question 3

features of papilloma tumor

Answer 3

cauliflower like surface

• similar to lesion on surface of skin (wart)
• treatment includes excision

Question 4

features of pigmented cellular nevus

Answer 4

• also known as a mole
• common on skin
• not common in oral cavity, but if present needs to be removed
• made up of concentration of melanocytes which are cells that produce melanin

Question 5

features of fibroma tumor

Answer 5

• most common benign tumor of the mouth
• mass of fibroblasts and found in corners of mouth
• slow growing
• not a cancer
• most common cause is trauma to tissue

Question 6

features of lipoma tumor

Answer 6

-not very common in mouth but common on neck

Question 7

features of hemangioma

Answer 7

• also known as port wine stain or birthmark
• commonly seen in females
• seen on surface of skin on face and body
• can be raised or flat

Question 8

what is a tumor?

Answer 8

abnormal and uncontrolled growth of tissues

Question 9

is it more important to identify cancer or clean the patient’s teeth?

Answer 9

identify cancer

Question 10

peripheral giant cell granuloma tumor features

Answer 10

• growth of tissue associated with trauma or removal of tooth
• always on the gingiva in the anterior or molar region
• mass of tissue
• more common with females

Question 11

features of leukoplakia lesions

Answer 11

• white patch on gingiva
• can be thick or wrinkled
• differential diagnosis is that it won’t wipe off where candidiasis will wipe off
• it is due to response to prolonged irritation
• most commonly seen on buccal mucosa
• small chances of becoming cancerous

Question 12

features of leukoedema lesions

Answer 12

• cause not known

- if you stretch their mucosa it goes away

Question 13

features of erthroplakia lesions

Answer 13

• red lesion on mucosa or floor of mouth

- much better chance of becoming cancerous than leukoplakia

Question 14

3 variations to erthroplakia

Answer 14

1. velvety red: raised lesion
2. erthroplakia and leukoplakia: areas or red and white
3. raised speckle lesion that’s red and white

Question 15

features of nicotinic stomatitis

Answer 15

• leukoplakia on roof of mouth and small red dots mixed with leukoplakia
• small red dots= inflammed ducts of accessory salivary glands
• response to smoking

Question 16

features of carcinoma-insitu

Answer 16

• also known as intraepithelial carcinoma
• cancer contained within the mucous membranes that hasn’t spread yet
• easily treatable-just remove it

Question 17

features of basal cell carcinoma

Answer 17

• bottom cell layer of the skin
• never found in the mouth
• found on surface of skin on the head, neck, or scalp
• caused by sunlight so common in people that are exposed to the sun a lot
• most common cancer of the face
• small ulceration that doesn’t heal, but also doesn’t spread
• common in the middle 1/3 of the face from eyes to the upper lip

Question 18

features of squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 18

• most common cancer of the oral cavity
• also known as epidermoid carcinoma
• traditional causes include smoking, drinking, and mechanical trauma
• transmitted by oral sex (HIV)

Question 19

the 3 most common places squamous cell carcinoma is found

Answer 19

1. lateral border of the tongue
2. floor of mouth
3. Posterior lateral portion of the soft palate

Question 20

why is cancer more dangerous the farther back in the mouth it is?

Answer 20

it can metastasize to the lymph system and spread

Question 21

what is the most common way of cancer spreading?

Answer 21

lymph system

Question 22

features of verrucous carcinoma

Answer 22

• appearance is a raised, wrinkled lesion
• seen in vestibule
• associated with older men who chew tobacco
• localized cancer

Question 23

features of malignant melanoma

Answer 23

• cancer of cells that produce melanin
• associated with tanning
• worst form of skin cancer because its aggressive and spreads quickly

Question 24

features of osteosarcoma

Answer 24

-bone cancer of long bones
-seen in young adults more often in men
-leg is the main source
-follows trauma to bone
-1st symptom is pain and swelling
-

Question 25

2 forms of osteosarcoma

Answer 25

1. sclerosing form: radiolucency with moth eaten appearance: (indistinct border). has a sun burst appearance. Cancer destroying bone, but stimulating osteoblast to form new bone
2. osteolytic: moth eaten appearance with radiolucency, no sun burst apperance

Question 26

what is parasethia?

Answer 26

numbness of lower lip due to abscessed tooth

Question 27

what is an early sign of cancer?

Answer 27

nonmovable lymph nodes

Question 28

what do enlarged lymph nodes mean?

Answer 28

the body is fighting an infection

Question 29

is it common for oral cancer to move to other parts of the body?

Answer 29

yes

Question 30

is it common for cancer to move to the mouth/jaw?

Answer 30

no

Question 31

if cancer is on the lower lip, what is it?

Answer 31

squamous cell cancer

Question 32

if cancer is on the upper lip, what is it?

Answer 32

basal cell cancer