Benign and Malignant Tumors of Oral Cavity Flashcards
Benign tumors of oral cavity:
- papilloma
- pigmented cellular nevus
- fibroma
- lipoma
- hemangioma
- peripheral giant cell granuloma
pre-malignant lesions
- leukoplakia
- leukoedema
- erthroplakia
- nicotinic stomatitis
- carcinoma-insitu
- basal cell carcinoma
- squamous cell carcinoma
- verrucous carcinoma
- malignant melanoma
- oseosarcoma
features of papilloma tumor
cauliflower like surface
- similar to lesion on surface of skin (wart)
- treatment includes excision
features of pigmented cellular nevus
- also known as a mole
- common on skin
- not common in oral cavity, but if present needs to be removed
- made up of concentration of melanocytes which are cells that produce melanin
features of fibroma tumor
- most common benign tumor of the mouth
- mass of fibroblasts and found in corners of mouth
- slow growing
- not a cancer
- most common cause is trauma to tissue
features of lipoma tumor
-not very common in mouth but common on neck
features of hemangioma
- also known as port wine stain or birthmark
- commonly seen in females
- seen on surface of skin on face and body
- can be raised or flat
what is a tumor?
abnormal and uncontrolled growth of tissues
is it more important to identify cancer or clean the patient’s teeth?
identify cancer
peripheral giant cell granuloma tumor features
- growth of tissue associated with trauma or removal of tooth
- always on the gingiva in the anterior or molar region
- mass of tissue
- more common with females
features of leukoplakia lesions
- white patch on gingiva
- can be thick or wrinkled
- differential diagnosis is that it won’t wipe off where candidiasis will wipe off
- it is due to response to prolonged irritation
- most commonly seen on buccal mucosa
- small chances of becoming cancerous
features of leukoedema lesions
- cause not known
- if you stretch their mucosa it goes away
features of erthroplakia lesions
- red lesion on mucosa or floor of mouth
- much better chance of becoming cancerous than leukoplakia
3 variations to erthroplakia
- velvety red: raised lesion
- erthroplakia and leukoplakia: areas or red and white
- raised speckle lesion that’s red and white
features of nicotinic stomatitis
- leukoplakia on roof of mouth and small red dots mixed with leukoplakia
- small red dots= inflammed ducts of accessory salivary glands
- response to smoking
features of carcinoma-insitu
- also known as intraepithelial carcinoma
- cancer contained within the mucous membranes that hasn’t spread yet
- easily treatable-just remove it
features of basal cell carcinoma
- bottom cell layer of the skin
- never found in the mouth
- found on surface of skin on the head, neck, or scalp
- caused by sunlight so common in people that are exposed to the sun a lot
- most common cancer of the face
- small ulceration that doesn’t heal, but also doesn’t spread
- common in the middle 1/3 of the face from eyes to the upper lip
features of squamous cell carcinoma
- most common cancer of the oral cavity
- also known as epidermoid carcinoma
- traditional causes include smoking, drinking, and mechanical trauma
- transmitted by oral sex (HIV)
the 3 most common places squamous cell carcinoma is found
- lateral border of the tongue
- floor of mouth
- Posterior lateral portion of the soft palate
why is cancer more dangerous the farther back in the mouth it is?
it can metastasize to the lymph system and spread
what is the most common way of cancer spreading?
lymph system
features of verrucous carcinoma
- appearance is a raised, wrinkled lesion
- seen in vestibule
- associated with older men who chew tobacco
- localized cancer
features of malignant melanoma
- cancer of cells that produce melanin
- associated with tanning
- worst form of skin cancer because its aggressive and spreads quickly
features of osteosarcoma
-bone cancer of long bones
-seen in young adults more often in men
-leg is the main source
-follows trauma to bone
-1st symptom is pain and swelling
-
2 forms of osteosarcoma
- sclerosing form: radiolucency with moth eaten appearance: (indistinct border). has a sun burst appearance. Cancer destroying bone, but stimulating osteoblast to form new bone
- osteolytic: moth eaten appearance with radiolucency, no sun burst apperance
what is parasethia?
numbness of lower lip due to abscessed tooth
what is an early sign of cancer?
nonmovable lymph nodes
what do enlarged lymph nodes mean?
the body is fighting an infection
is it common for oral cancer to move to other parts of the body?
yes
is it common for cancer to move to the mouth/jaw?
no
if cancer is on the lower lip, what is it?
squamous cell cancer
if cancer is on the upper lip, what is it?
basal cell cancer
