prokaryotic cell structure + function Flashcards
what is the average size of prokaryotes
0.2-2um in diameter, 2-8um in length
what units of measurement do we use for prokaryotes
micrometers and nanometers
what are the 3 common shapes of bacteria
cocci, bacilli, and spirals
describe cocci
round, but can be oval, elongated, or flattened on one side
describe bacilli
rod-shaped, ends of rods may be tapered, rounded, flat, or bifurcated
what do we call bacilli that may appear as cocci
coccobacilli
describe spirals
have one or more twists, are never straight
helical and rigid spirals are called
Spirillum
helical and flexible spirals are called
Spirochetes
helical and comma-shaped spirals are called
Vibrio
what is the most common shape of bacteria
cocci or bacilli
T or F; filamentous bacteria exist
true
list the 5 arrangements of cocci
diplococci, streptococci, staphylococci, tetrads, sarcinae
what are diplococci
pairs of cocci
what are streptococci
long chains of cocci
what are staphylococci
irregular grape-like clusters
what are tetrads of cocci
square groups of four cells
what are sarcinae
cubelike groups of eight cocci
what 3 arrangements of bacilli are there
single rods, diplobacilli, streptobacilli
what are diplobacilli
pairs of bacilli
what are streptobacilli
chains of bacilli
what arrangements do spirals have
they usually occur singly
what is the name for a bacteria that are variable in shape
pleomorphic
what is the shape of bacteria determined by
heredity or environmental conditions
