Program Planning Flashcards
What is program planning?
A collaborative, authentic engagement.
A systematic process that parallels/compliments the nursing process.
What are the four basic steps/phases of program planning?
Comprised of four basic steps:
- assessment - identify issues/concern/problem
- planning/development
- implementation
- monitoring and evaluation
What is the focus of program planning?
Focuses on a population or aggregate versus individuals.
Focuses on a health issue or health determinant.
What is program planning based on?
Must be based on a community assessment.
What things are important to consider when program planning?
Vital to consider the social determinants of health when addressing the gap/issue - practice social justice
Evidence and theory inform the program plan
What is the goal of program planning?
Goal is health equity
What are some of the things that program planning does? (Methods, strategies, outcomes)
Usually follows community health assessment.
Identifies community strengths.
Informs decision-making.
Increases efficiency.
Where did program planning originate?
History in public health nursing - began with need for mass immunizations.
What constitutes a program?
A systematically designed set of activities that are performed to bring about a certain outcome.
What are the purposes of models and frameworks for program planning?
Provide a guide and framework to organize data and provide a coherent plan.
Various factors affect the model selected.
Some agencies use a particular model. E.g. Fraser Health uses the Logic Model.
What are some examples of models and frameworks for program planning?
Most common:
- Precede-Proceed Model
- Program Logic Model
Other:
- Health Belief Model
What is the Logic Model of program planning?
“Illustrates a logical sequence of events to occur through a program …to bring about change in response to a specific situation” (Goldman & Schmalz, 2006)
“…help expose gaps.,..unique for its simplicity in demonstrating program interrelationship and linkages” (Stamler & Yiu, 2012).
What is the assessment phase of program planning?
A systematic process for finding out what is needed/desired & what resources/assets are available.
What is done during the assessment phase of program planning? (4)
Defines who has the need. Why does it exist?
Determines the depth and scope of the need.
Involves judgement about the relative importance of the need (prioritization).
Provides direction for possible solutions to meeting the need (planning phase).
What are the data sources and methods used in the assessment phase? (2)
Primary
Secondary
What occurs during the planning phase of program planning? (after the assessment phase)
Goals and objectives are defined. Content and strategies are selected. Resources are dedicated. Evaluation processes are determined and tools are developed. The program is implemented as planned.
What are goals? (as compared to objectives)
Goals are broad long range statements about the desired outcome or purpose of the program.
What are objectives? (as compared to goals)
Objectives are specific, measurable, achievable/attainable, realistic & time oriented (SMART)
What are things to consider when prioritizing objectives? (4)
The magnitude of the issue.
Existing resources.
Potential for success.
Need for specialized training.
What are the guiding principles of prioritizing objectives? (3)
Buy-in
Transparency
Communication
What are some important considerations regarding content when program planning?
Relevant, evidence-informed, culturally/age/gender appropriate.
What are some considerations regarding strategies for program planning?
Cost, benefit, and acceptability
review literature for what has worked.
Be practical, realistic. Most likely to succeed.
What are some considerations regarding resources for program planning?
Work with what you have. A common pitfall is being overly ambitious.
What are five important components of implementation of a program?
Public Health Ethical principles. Monitor tasks, timelines and resources. Encourage partnership and participation. Fine tune strategies. Keep records.
What is program accountability (part of the evaluation phase)?
Assess the performance of program. Were the goal and objectives met?
What are the dimensions of evaluation?
Responsiveness
Effectiveness
Efficiency
Equity
What are primary data sources and methods?
Data you collected yourself. Eg. Interviews, surveys, etc. that you have done yourself.
What are secondary data sources and methods?
Data that has already been collected by somebody else.
What are two types of evaluation?
- Formative
2. Summative
What are the components of summative evaluation?
Output, outcome and impact
Process
Structure
What are some sources of data for program evaluation?
Program records, clients, community health index
What are some challenges to program planning related to the current health care context?
No time/finances for in-depth assessment.
Top-down approach.
Disjunction between political agenda and the preferred approach among health planners.
What are some challenges to program planning related to societal trends?
Increasing global interconnection.
Shifting demographics.
Increasing technology.
