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Nursing 401 > Child Abuse > Flashcards

Child Abuse Flashcards

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1
Q

Who is the BC Representative for Children and Youth?

A

Bernard Richard (as of Nov. 27, 2016)

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2
Q

Who does the BC Representative for Children and Youth serve?

A

Serves children from birth to 19 years.

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3
Q

What is the mandate of the BC Representative for Children and Youth Act?

A

Advocacy.
Monitoring, Evaluation and Research.
Reviewing and investigating critical injuries and deaths of children.

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4
Q

What is the Advocacy Committee on Services to Children and Youth with Special Needs?

A

Chaired by representative

Provides advice, guidance and feedback

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5
Q

What is The Children’s Forum?

A
  • Includes Representative, Coroner’s service, Ombudsman, Public Trustee, Provincial Health Officer, senior leaders from MCFD
  • Meet several times per year to share information, coordinate efforts on behalf of improve service to vulnerable children and youth
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6
Q

Who does the legal duty to report child abuse apply to?

A

Everyone, including service providers, family members and the general public

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7
Q

When should you report that a child needs protection?

A

Anyone with reason to believe that a child (under age 19 in BC) has been, or is likely to be abused or neglected - and the child’s parent is unwilling or unable to protect them, has a legal duty to report that concern to a child welfare worker. (BC Handbook, 2007

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8
Q

What are the categories of child abuse?

A 
Physical abuse
Neglect
Emotional abuse
   - emotional harm
Sexual abuse/sexual exploitation
Exposure to intimate partner violence
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9
Q

What are the 7 forms of neglect?

A
  1. Failure to supervise resulting in physical harm (includes drunk driving).
  2. Failure to supervise resulting in sexual abuse (molestation or sexual exploitation) - caregiver knows or should have known about it.
  3. Failure to provide psychiatric or psychological treatment.
  4. Physical neglect.
  5. Medical neglect (care unusually delayed or avoided); also includes dental neglect when funding available.
  6. Educational neglect - chronic truancy - 5+ days a month (child not ill).
  7. Permitting criminal behaviour.
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10
Q

What are the 3 forms of exposure to intimate partner violence?

A
  1. Direct witness to physical violence.
  2. Indirect exposure to physical violence (overhears or sees consequences - injuries).
  3. Exposure to emotional violence - witnessing or hearing.
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11
Q

What are some cyber forms of child exploitation?

A

Chat sites
Webcam photos and videos
Facebook
Sexting

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12
Q

What is the definition of sexual exploitation? (BC Handbook pg. 24)

A

When a child engages in sexual activity usually through manipulation or coercion in exchange for money, drugs, food, shelter or other considerations.

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13
Q

What is the goal of the Canadian Centre for Child Protection?

A

Goal is to reduce child victimization by providing programs and services.
Educational materials for parents and teachers.
Owns and operates National Reporting Centre for Reporting Exploitation online

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14
Q

What are three folk remedies which can be confused with abuse?

A

Cupping
Coining
Moxibustion

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15
Q

What is cupping?

A

Placement of cups is determined by symptomology; vacuum created by soaking cotton ball in alcohol, place it on end of stick and set it on fire; place inside glass cup and place cup on skin. Vacuum draws skin up, creating erythema and petechiae which last for approx. 1 week.

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16
Q

What is cupping used for?

A

Provides relief for pain, fever, poor appetite, congestion, etc.

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17
Q

What is coining?

A

Symptomatic area is massaged with medicated oil then rubbed in a downward linear fashion with the edge of a coin until ecchymoses occur. Hyperpigmentation may persist after ecchymoses have resolved. Usually not painful or harmful - actually described as pleasurable by some.

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18
Q

What is coining used for?

A

Rids body of “bad winds” causing seizures, headaches, cough, vomiting, etc.

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19
Q

What is moxibustion?

A

Related to acupuncture - often done at acupuncture points. Moxa herb (mugwort) is rolled into pea size ball or cone. This is placed on appropriate body part, ignited and allowed to burn to point of pain. Results in circular or target burns and sometimes scarring looks like cigarette burns.

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20
Q

What is moxibustion used for?

A

Relieves fever and abdominal pain, like cigarette burn.

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21
Q

Would moxibustion be considered an acceptable practice in Canada if used with children?

A

No

22
Q

What are the three levels of child abuse prevention?

A

Primary
Secondary
Tertiary

23
Q

What are the purposes of primary prevention strategies against child abuse?

A

Steps are taken to prevent occurrence of abuse - support parents, education, making services available.

24
Q

What are some primary prevention strategies for caregivers to prevent child abuse?

A
  • prenatal classes, parenting classes
  • Period of Purple Crying video (prevent Shaken Baby Syndrome)
  • Teach re: internet blockers (prevent online exploitation)
25
Q

What are some primary prevention strategies for children and youth to prevent child abuse?

A

Teach children to recognize danger signals and tell someone.
School based curriculum primary prevention strategies.

26
Q

What are the school based curriculum primary prevention strategies for kindergarten to grade 1?

A

Appropriate/inappropriate touching

27
Q

What are the school based curriculum primary prevention strategies for grades 2-3?

A

Avoidance and assertiveness relative to potential abusive situations.

28
Q

What are the school based curriculum primary prevention strategies for grade 7?

A

Personal strategies to avoid abuse and exploitation (including social media)

29
Q

What are the school based curriculum primary prevention strategies for youth?

A

Teach youth potential consequences of sexting and other electronic forms of sexual communication; resources such as texted.ca

30
Q

What are some public primary prevention strategies for child abuse?

A

Screening for anyone working with children/youth (CRC)

Eg. Big Sister and Big Brother programs, school personnel

31
Q

What are some primary prevention strategies for health care professionals to prevent child abuse?

A
  • Criminal record checks
  • Training in careful assessment of home environment to identify modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for maltreatment.
  • Awareness of triggering situations that can contribute to maltreatment incidents such as crying and toilet training.
  • Screen for high risk families and support them eg. Nurse Family Partnership Program
  • Train to teach parenting classes
32
Q

When was the Nurse Family Partnership Program initiated, and what has its effect been?

A

Initiated in BC in January of 2012.

Research has shown that there is a 48% reduction of abuse and neglect.

33
Q

What are some healthy public policies for primary prevention of child abuse?

A

Representative for Children and Youth - advocating for child welfare.
Social policy which supports families and reduces poverty.

34
Q

What are the purposes of secondary prevention strategies against child abuse?

A

Early detection of cases, prevent repetition or escalation, recognize indicators and do something.

35
Q

What are some secondary prevention strategies against child abuse?

A
  • Work with high risk families to enable early detection.
  • Train health care professionals, social workers, teachers (anyone working with children) to look for signs of abuse and neglect.
  • Government policies which support adequate staffing of MCFD child welfare social workers to follow up families where there has been abuse.
36
Q

What is the purpose of tertiary prevention strategies against child abuse?

A

Minimizing harmful effects after abuse has occurred (victims and perpetrators)

37
Q

What are some tertiary prevention strategies against child abuse?

A
  • Monitoring (possibly supervised visits)
  • Ensuring treatment has occurred
  • Counseling
  • Work to change damaging patterns of family interaction
  • Provide safe environment for child away from family if necessary
38
Q

What is Be Brave Ranch (Alberta)?

A

First holistic healing center in Canada for victims of sexual abuse.

39
Q

What physical conditions does child abuse put a person at risk for later in life?

A

Increased risk of arthritis, back problems, hypertension, migraines, diabetes, cancer, stroke, bowel disease, chronic fatigue, COPD, obesity, smoking

40
Q

What is the RCY Act? (RCY = Representative for Children and Youth)

A

Proclaimed in 2007 giving RCY legislative power to conduct reviews and investigations of injuries and deaths of children in care or receiving ministry services.

41
Q

What are considered critical injuries to children in the ministry?

A

Suicide attempt, substance-related, sexual assault, self-inflicted injury, physical assault, witnessing death

42
Q

What did MCFD do in Feb. 2014 in response to the report released by Representative for Children and Youth in 2013?

A
  • Implement specialized domestic violence units
  • Develop and deliver programs specifically for Aboriginal men, women and children affected by domestic violence
  • Also addressing unique needs of immigrant and refugee women and women with disabilities
43
Q

What are some BC Ministry Initiatives?

A
  • Family Development Response (FDR)
    • FDR worker follow family x 3 months
  • Family group conferencing (FGC)
    • When there is a protection concern
  • Alternate dispute resolution (ADR)
    • Family, social work and lawyer discuss together then give plan to judge
44
Q

What is the Family Development Response (FDR)? (note: this is important to know)

A
  • Worker goes out and talks to family about concerns
  • Family must meet certain criteria
  • FDR worker follows family for 3 months - goal is protection
  • MCFD contracts out if parenting training required
45
Q

What are the criteria a family must meet for the Family Development Response (FDR)? (note: this is important to know)

A

Criteria:
Little to no previous history with family, no mental health issues, no drug issues, no sexual abuse, family must be cooperative.

46
Q

Approximately how many cases in Chilliwack are handled using the Family Development Response (FDR)?

A

Approx. 70% of cases in Chilliwack are handled using the FDR

47
Q

What are the results of the Family Development Response? (note: this is important to know)

A

Results in less children in foster care. Since they started FDR there were 5-6 children apprehended in 2010 in Chilliwack as compared to 5 per month prior to this.

48
Q

When is Family Group Conferencing (FGC) used? (note: this is important to know)

A

When social work determines that child is in need of protection.

49
Q

What is Family Group Conferencing? (note: this is important to know)

A

Formal meeting organized by FGC coordinator where members of child’s immediate family come together with extended family and members of child’s community who can develop a plan to keep the child safe.

50
Q

What is the role of professionals in Family Group Conferencing? (note: it is important to know this)

A

Role of professionals is to provide information and consultation re: resources.
May help implement plan.

51
Q

When is Alternate Dispute Resolution necessary? (note: it is important to know this)

A

After removal of child or long-term supervision.

52
Q

What is Alternate Dispute Resolution? (note: it is important to know this)

A

Family, lawyer and social work sit down together to discuss plan. This way, the family has more input - empowering for them.

Nursing 401 (21 decks)

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