Community Assessment Flashcards
What are the three levels of nursing focus with in a community?
- Community as context for the individual, family, or group.
- Community as client (person); the recipient of care.
- Community as partner.
Is the “Community as context for the individual, family, or group” a top-down approach, or a bottom-up approach?
Top-down
Is the “Community as client (person); the recipient of care” a top-down or bottom-up approach?
Top-down
Is the “community as partner” a top-down or bottom-up approach?
Bottom-up
What is the community-as-partner model?
A partnership conveys an egalitarian relationship between the community health nurse and the community.
What does Volleman et al. (2008) say about the role of the people in the community in the community-as-partner model?
Volleman et al. (2008) suggest that people in the community are the community health nurse’s partners and need to be included during the entire community health nursing process.
What is community assessment?
The process of thinking critically about the community: identify and examine characteristics, resources, assets, and needs.
What does community assessment involve?
Involves getting to know and understand the community client as partner.
What is the main purpose of community assessment?
Develop strategies to improve the health and quality of life for community residents.
What are the other purposes of community assessment? (3)
Become acquainted with the community.
Evaluate the effectiveness of existing programs.
Ensure appropriate/equitable allocation of resources.
What do you want to know from a community assessment?
Identify community strengths, resources, assets, capacities, and opportunities.
Clarify health concerns.
Identify community constraints.
Identify the economic, political, and social factors affecting the community.
Identify the determinants of health affecting community health.
What are some strategies for community assessment data collection?
Environmental scan - windshield survey, field observation.
Key informants, focus groups, forums, surveys, public meetings.
Statistical data.
What are some examples of models/frameworks that are used in community practice?
Critical caring (Falk Rafael) Critical Social Theory (Habermas) Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory (Orem) Neuman's Systems Model UFV Community Assessment Tool
What are the three dimensions of community health?
- Status
- Structure
- Process
What are the three dimensions of the concept of community?
- Person
- Place
- Function
What are the four steps of community assessment data analysis?
Categorize
Summarize
Interpret/draw conclusions and make inferences
Validate interpretations
What is “interpreting” as a part of community assessment data analysis?
Triangulating to make sure you’re on track and that what you’re seeing is accurate.
What are “inferences” as a part of community assessment data analysis?
Drawing conclusions based on the evidence and reasoning - based on the data that you’ve gathered.
What is the difference between a wellness and a deficit nursing diagnosis? (What is a wellness diagnosis)
A wellness diagnosis is a change in the client’s response for the positive (they are getting better).
What is “wellness” characterized by?
Wellness is characterized by growth and realization of potential.
What are the components of a community assessment nursing diagnosis?
(Person) community or aggregate (who)
State of health (what)
Etiology/related factors (why)
Manifestations (how do you know)
What are the criteria for prioritizing community and population nursing diagnoses? (6) (this will be on the exam)
- Community awareness of the problem
- Community motivation to solve the problem
- Nurse’s ability to influence solution
- Availability of resources to solve the problem
- Severity of consequences if issue is unresolved
- Speed with which problem can be solved
What falls within the public health nurse’s role in community assessment? (8)
Consultation, collaboration and building coalitions. Counselling and health education. Case management. Screening, referral and follow-up. Advocacy. Organizing the community. Policy development and enforcement. Social marketing.
What is the Healthy Cities/Healthy Communities movement?
In the mid 1980’s, the WHO began an international initiative promoting healthy communities in Europe.
This movement incorporates the primary health care principles of health promotion in order to achieve “health for all” and includes more than 7 500 cities and towns worldwide.