Principles Of Neuroscience Lecture 32 Disorders Of Mood And Thought Flashcards
What role does gender have in terms of a risk factor for mental disorders?
The different genders are more likely to sufferer from different mental disorders
Male: autism, ADHD, substance abuse
Female: anxiety, major depressive disorder, eating disorders
What is the aetiology of mental disorders?
Complex
Many different genetic and environmental effects
What are the most significant mental disorders?
Schizophrenia
Major depressive disorder
Manic depression
Panic disordedr
What is another name for major depressive disorder?
This is another name for affective disorder
What is the DSM IV for major depressive episodes?
Four or more from a list of symptoms over a two week period, which must include either:
- Depressed mood
- Disinterest in pleasure
Features of behaviour; dark, negative moods and preoccupation with one’s inadequacy
What is bipolar also known as?
Manic depression
What are the features of manic episodes?
- elevated mood
- aboundless energy
- high creativity
- loss of interest in sleep
- Profusion of thought
- grandiosity
- aggression and anxiety
What are the abnormalities in blood flow during major depressive episodes?
There is increased blood flow to three areas during major depressive episodes:
- orbital and medial frontal lobes
- thalamus
- amygdala
What is interesting about the musical output of Robert Schumann?
Schumann suffered from manic depression
In the periods of mania, he wrote a huge volume of music
When he was depressed, he wrote almost nothing
This exemplifies the profusion of thought and creativity during the manic episodes
What are the categories of treatment of major depressive disorder? (3)
- Electroconvulsive therapy
- Psychotherapy: the talking cure
- Antidepressant drugs
What is a treatment for manic depression?
Lithium, discovered by accident
We still really know how it works, but it seems to change second messenger pathways that lead to manic depression
What are the three classes of drugs to treat major depressive disorder?
- Tricyclics
- SSRIs and NERIs
- MAO-A inhibitors
What is the function of tricyclics?
These block the reuptake of serotonin and noradrenaline
What is the function of SSRIs and NERIs?
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor: this drugs only blocks serotonin from being taken up again
Noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor: only blocks the reuptake of noradrenaline
What are some examples of SSRIs?
Prozac, Zoloft, Paxil