Primary Forming Processes (6) Flashcards
Primary Forming
Involves the manufacture of Billets, Blooms, Slabs
- Material must be ductile
Rolling
Metal is passed through revolving rolls
- Hot or cold
Hot Forging
Metal is shaped by individual applications of pressure.
- 950-1250°C
- Ductile and Strong
Cold Forging
Metal is shaped by individual applications of pressure.
- Room temperature
- Decreased Ductility and Strength
Extruding
(Pushing) The process of compressing metal and Polymers through an opening or Die
- Odd and hollow shapes
- Limited content cross-section
- Smooth surface
- Some Non-Ferrous
Drawing
Reverse of Extruding (Pulling)
- Ferrous and Non-Ferrous
Hot-Working
Work don above the Crystallization temperature
- Maximum Ductility
- Closing, welding, re-bonding
- Uneven surfaces (rapid oxidization)
- Lower loads and versatile equipment
- Special needed shaping equipment
Metal Spinning
Parts that have a circular cross-section are made by spinning them from sheet metal.
- The Blank is centre clamped and spun by a roller that presses it in the shape of a Chuck
Explosive Forming
An exploiting charge is placed in air or water next to one side of the Blank, this charge is detonated
- High-energy rate forming, aeroforming, dynoforming
- High-Velocities
Warm-Forging
- Limited formability
- Less Finishing Operations required
- Dimensional accuracy
Open Die Forging
- Applied pressure between two surfaces
- 3 dimensional shape control
Closed Die forging
(Impression Die Forging)
- Pressure applied in Die Cavities
- 3 dimensional shape control
Swaging
Reducing the ends through a Drawing operation
Edging
Distribution to contour for the finished stock
Upsetting
Enlarging the cross-section by pressure from the end
