Furnaces (4)

Question 1

Primary Production

Answer 1

Reducing iron ore into molten metal (Pig Iron) using a Blast Furnace. To create an Ingot that will be used to create further shapes out of the metal.

Question 2

Blast Furnace

Answer 2

First furnace. Iron ore is poured in and melted at 1650°C/3000°F. Heat is produced by burning Coke and the addition of Limestone.

Question 3

Coke

Answer 3

The fuel/coal baked in an airless furnace and used to fuel a Blast Furnace.

Question 4

Flux

Answer 4

Limestone that will become Slag.

Question 5

Slag

Answer 5

Removes sulfur and other impurities from the Pig Iron. Tends to float on the top acting as a blanket, reducing the amount of oxygen from spreading throughout the Pig Iron (reducing oxidization)

Question 6

Pig Iron

Answer 6

Molten Metal.

Carbon Content = about 4.4%

Question 7

Laddel

Answer 7

Used to transport Pig Iron from the Blast Furnace to a Torpedo that is sent to the Secondary Furnace.

Question 8

Torpedo

Answer 8

Rail Cart that transports Pig Iron to a Secondary Furnace.

Question 9

Secondary Furnace

Answer 9

Scrap Reclaiming

Question 10

Open-Hearth Furnace

Answer 10

Flux is added to the Pig Steel along with oxides to remove excess carbon and produce slag that will later be removed.

Question 11

Bessemer Converter Furnace

Answer 11

Air is blown through the Pig Iron causing oxidation. Oxidation aids in the removing of impurities while raising the temperature enough to maintain a “molten state”.

Question 12

Electric Arc Furnace

Answer 12

Used a both a Scrap Reclaiming and Refining Furnace. High electricity s supplied through graphite electrode, the arc generated melts the metal. Oxy-fuel Burners/Oxygen Lances add additional heat. Additional Alloys are added and refined through a further “de-slagging” operation. Carbon is injected into the Slag to form “slag-foam” that will overflow into a separate pit/pot.

Question 13

Basic Oxygen Furnace

Answer 13

Low Carbon Steels are often produced as oxygen is forced into high carbon content Pig Iron. the oxygen causes a temperature increase that burns up the carbon. A Pre-Treatment stage may be required.

Question 14

Pre-Treatment (De-Sulfhurating)

Answer 14

a common Impurity is sulphur (a byproduct from burning carbon). Adding magnesium to the molten mix, creating magnesium sulphide via an exothermic reaction.

Question 15

Tuyers

Answer 15

Stirring sticks for a Basic Oxygen Furnace