PRENATAL CARE Flashcards
how many servings?
milk , yogurt, chees group
3 servings
how many servings?
meat, poultry, fish, dry beans, and nut group
2 servings
how many servings?
vegetable group
3 servings
how many servings?
fruit group
2 servings
how many servings?
rice and pasta, cereal, bread
5 servings
how many servings?
water
8 servings
how many should u increase in kcals during pregnancy
300 kcal/day
nutrients important in pregnancy
CHON, Ca, Fe, Folic Acid (vit b9)
vitamin needs for preg. woman
- vit D
- vit A
- vit C
- folic acid
mineral needs for pregnant woman
- calcium
- iodine
- iron
- flouride
- zinc
RDA of protein
60 g/day
meat, fish, poultry, beans, lentils, legumes, breads, cereals, seeds, nuts
protein
RDA of calcium, both adolescent and adult
adolescent 1300 mg/day
adult 1000 mg/day
cereals, legumes, nuts, dried fruits, broccoli, green leafy vegetables, and canned salmon and sardines that contain bones
calcium
RDA of iron
30-60 mg/day
heme can be found in
red and organ meats
nonheme can be found in
plant products
RDA of folic acid
400 mcg/day
liver, lean beef, kidney and lima beans, dried beans, potatoes, whole wheat breads, peanuts, and fresh nuts dark-green leafy vegetables
folic acid
- to support the musculoskeletal, nervous, and circulatory systems
- calcification of fetal bones as early as 8 wks
calcium
- to supply the growing fetus and placenta and to increase the maternal red cell mass
- to make more blood to supply oxygen to your baby
iron
greatly reduces a baby’s risk of serious neural tube defects
folic acid
for pregnant adolescent:
Additional ___ over the kcal/day recommended 300 to 400 increases of kcal/day
200
maintains normal level of plasma, bone, muscle
sodium intake
prevent constipation
fiber
high blood glucose in preg. mother causes what
baby to put on extra weight
when lactating:
calorie intake = ___ calories more than non pregnant
500
when lactating:
CHON intake = ___
65 mg/day
when lactating:
calcium and iron = ___
same during pregnancy
when lactating:
water = ___
coffee = ___
8-10 glasses
2 cups/day
exercise to prevent or reduce back strain
pelvic rocking / tilt
- pelvic floor exercises
- help strengthen the muscles, tissues and ligaments stretching from the pubic bone in front to the read end of the spine in back
kegel exercises
- indian style or crisscross
- a position recommended for pregnant women where the woman sits on the floor with her knees bent and the soles of her feet together
tailor sitting
an excellent resistance exercise during pregnancy to maintain strength and range of motion in the hips, glutes, core, and pelvic floor muscles
squatting
how often should u exercise when pregnant
3x a week for 30 minutes
exercise on a ___ or a tightly carpeted surface
wooden floor
avoid exercises that involves deep __ or joint ___
flexion
extension
type of exercise for pegnant
low to moderate impact only
Women should avoid scuba diving below a depth of ___ or exercising in altitudes above ___ feet during pregnancy
30
8000
Intensity of exercise should be modified according to the ___
talk test
Perform strenuous activities for no longer than ___ minutes
20
Do not exercise in the supine position after the ___ month of pregnancy.
4th
Avoid exercise that employ ___ maneuver (holding your breath while bearing down).
valsalva
Vaccines that may be administered in pregnancy:
TD, recom. hep b, rabies, flu
contraindicated vaccines:
rubeola, rubella, chickenpox, mumps, polio
interval of TD vaccine
1 month, 6 months, 1 year, 1 year
Avoid long trips during the ___ trimester
3rd
when travelling there should be a rest period every ___
2 hours
which trimester has more feelings of interest in sex
2nd trimester
During the last ___ weeks of pregnancy, coitus is discouraged
6-8
true or false: coitus on the EDD initiates labor
false
true or false: orgasm does not initiate preterm labor
true
true or false: coitus causes the rupture of membrane
false
smoking may cause
SGA
alcohol intake may cause
FAS
Retardation/delays
Mental retardation
Cranio-facial defects: flat nasal bridge, thin upper lip
Cardiovascular defects
Limb defects
Impaired fine gross motor function
FAS - fetal alcohol syndrome
Intake of illicit drugs in the ___ trimester can cause most adverse fetal malformations
1st
___ carry the risk of acquiring HIV &
other STD’s
illegal drugs
not always safe because of lack of consistent potency in the active ingredient
herbal supplements
