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CARE OF MOTHER, CHILD, AND ADOLESCENT > NORMAL DIAGNOSTIC AND LAB TEST DURING PREGNANCY > Flashcards

NORMAL DIAGNOSTIC AND LAB TEST DURING PREGNANCY Flashcards

1
Q

Determines risk for maternal- fetal
blood incompatibility

A

Blood type & Rh factor

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2
Q

Detects anemia, infection, or cell
abnormalities

A

Complete blood count (CBC)

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3
Q

Detects anemia

A

Hemoglobin or hematocrit

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4
Q

Syphilis screen

A

VDRL or rapid plasma reagin
(RPR)

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5
Q

Determines immunity to rubella or
hepatitis B

A

Rubella or Hepatitis B (HBsAg) titer

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6
Q

1st trimester routine tests

A
  • maternal serum for alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP)
  • HIV screen
  • urinalysis and culture
  • indirect coombs test
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7
Q

second trimester routine test

A

oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)

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8
Q

Detects neural tube or
abdominal defect in the fetus

A

Maternal serum for alphafetoprotein (MSAFP)

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9
Q

Detects HIV infection

A

Human Immunodeficiency
Virus (HIV) screen

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10
Q

Detects infection, renal disease,
or diabetes

A

Urinalysis & culture

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11
Q

Determination of whether Rh
antibodies are present in an Rhnegative woman

A

Indirect Coombs test

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12
Q

Blood glucose screen; sample is
drawn 1 hour after 50g of liquid
glucose is ingested

A

oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)

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13
Q

when is OGTT usually done?

A

24-28 weeks

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14
Q

OGTT result that necessitates medical follow up

A

135 mg/dl

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15
Q

type of utz during 1st TM

A

transvaginal utz

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16
Q

type of utz during 2nd and 3rd TM

A

transabdominal

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17
Q
  • Determine the presence & location of pregnancy
  • Detect multifetal gestation
  • As an adjunct for trancervical or
    transabdominal chorionic villus
    sampling
A

transvaginal utz

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18
Q
  • Evaluate fetal anatomy
  • Evaluate amniotic fluid volume
  • Determine location & relation of the placenta & umbilical cord to each other & the insertion of the cord into the fetal abdomen
  • Determine fetal presentation
  • Guide needle placement for
    procedures such as amniocentesis or percutaneous umbilical sampling
A

transabdominal utz

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19
Q

Measures the response of sound waves against solid objects

A

ultrasonography

20
Q

in ultrasonography, sound waves are sent through abdomen or vagina by a device called a ___

A

transducer

21
Q

true or false: ultrasonography uses radiation like xrays

A

false

22
Q
  • Measures the velocity @ which RBC in the uterine & fetal blood vessels travel
  • Assessment of the blood flow through the uterine blood vessels is helpful to determine the vascular resistance present in women with diabetes or hypertension of pregnancy and whether resultant placental insufficiency is occurring
A

doppler umbilical velocimetry

23
Q

fetal lungs are apt to be mature at 38 weeks, a grade 3 placenta suggest that fetus is mature

A

placental grading

24
Q

how to measure amniotic fluid for <20 weeks

A
  • divide in half vertically
  • Measure the vertical diameter of the largest pocket of amniotic fluid present on each side in cm, then add
25
Q

how to measure amniotic fluid for >20 weeks

A
  • divide into 4 quadrants
  • Measure the vertical diameter of the largest pocket of amniotic fluid present on each quadrant in cm, then add
26
Q

average amniotic fluid volume index between 28-40 weeks

A

12-15 cm

27
Q

afi index > 20-24 cm

A

polyhydramnios

28
Q

afi index < 5-6 cm

A

oligohydramnios

29
Q
  • identifies whether an increase in the FHR occurs when the fetus moves, indicating adequate oxygenation
  • measures the response of the fetal heart rate to fetal movement
A

nonstress testing

30
Q

how long is nonstress testing done

A

10-20 mins

31
Q

when do you perform nonstress testing

A

28 weeks

32
Q

nonstress interpretation:

2 accelerations of FHR (by 15 beats or more) lasting for 15 seconds occur after movement within the chosen time period

A

reactive (normal)

33
Q

nonstress interpretation:

  • No accelerations occur with the fetal movements
  • No fetal movements occur or if there is low short term fetal heart rate variability (less than 6 bpm)
    throughout the testing period
A

nonreactive

34
Q

If no increase in beats per minute is noticeable on fetal movement, ___ of the fetus is suggested.

A

poor oxygen perfusion

35
Q
  • Non-invasive test done after the 28th week of pregnancy
  • helps evaluate the health of the fetus
A

biophysical profile

36
Q

BPP combines five parameters into one assessment:

A
  1. Fetal heart reactivity
  2. Fetal breathing
  3. Fetal body movement
  4. Fetal tone
  5. Amniotic fluid volume
37
Q

criteria for a score of 2: fetal breathing

A

30 second sustained fetal breathing within 30 min

38
Q

criteria for a score of 2: fetal movement

A

atleast 3 episodes of limb or trunk movement within 30 mins

39
Q

criteria for a score of 2: fetal tone

A

must extend and flex extremities atleast once in 30 mins

40
Q

criteria for a score of 2: AF volume

A

5-25 cm

41
Q

criteria for a score of 2: fetal heart reactivity

A

2 or more acceleration of atleast 15 bpm above baseline for 15 seconds with fetal movement within 20 mins

42
Q

8-10 BPP score

A

fetus is doing well

43
Q

6 BPP score

A

suspicious

44
Q

4 BPP score

A

fetus in jeopardy

45
Q

Movements by the fetus, as
assessed by the mother, are often
called ___

A

kick counts

46
Q

how to do daily kick count

A
  • count once a day for 60 mins
  • count 2-3x daily for 2 hours OR until 10 movements are counted
47
Q

fetal alarm signal regarding kick count

A

no movement for 12 hours

CARE OF MOTHER, CHILD, AND ADOLESCENT (14 decks)

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