NORMAL DIAGNOSTIC AND LAB TEST DURING PREGNANCY

Question 1

Determines risk for maternal- fetal
blood incompatibility

Answer 1

Blood type & Rh factor

Question 2

Detects anemia, infection, or cell
abnormalities

Answer 2

Complete blood count (CBC)

Question 3

Detects anemia

Answer 3

Hemoglobin or hematocrit

Question 4

Syphilis screen

Answer 4

VDRL or rapid plasma reagin
(RPR)

Question 5

Determines immunity to rubella or
hepatitis B

Answer 5

Rubella or Hepatitis B (HBsAg) titer

Question 6

1st trimester routine tests

Answer 6

• maternal serum for alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP)
• HIV screen
• urinalysis and culture
• indirect coombs test

Question 7

second trimester routine test

Answer 7

oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)

Question 8

Detects neural tube or
abdominal defect in the fetus

Answer 8

Maternal serum for alphafetoprotein (MSAFP)

Question 9

Detects HIV infection

Answer 9

Human Immunodeficiency
Virus (HIV) screen

Question 10

Detects infection, renal disease,
or diabetes

Answer 10

Urinalysis & culture

Question 11

Determination of whether Rh
antibodies are present in an Rhnegative woman

Answer 11

Indirect Coombs test

Question 12

Blood glucose screen; sample is
drawn 1 hour after 50g of liquid
glucose is ingested

Answer 12

oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)

Question 13

when is OGTT usually done?

Answer 13

24-28 weeks

Question 14

OGTT result that necessitates medical follow up

Answer 14

135 mg/dl

Question 15

type of utz during 1st TM

Answer 15

transvaginal utz

Question 16

type of utz during 2nd and 3rd TM

Answer 16

transabdominal

Question 17

• Determine the presence & location of pregnancy
• Detect multifetal gestation
• As an adjunct for trancervical or
  transabdominal chorionic villus
  sampling

Answer 17

transvaginal utz

Question 18

• Evaluate fetal anatomy
• Evaluate amniotic fluid volume
• Determine location & relation of the placenta & umbilical cord to each other & the insertion of the cord into the fetal abdomen
• Determine fetal presentation
• Guide needle placement for
  procedures such as amniocentesis or percutaneous umbilical sampling

Answer 18

transabdominal utz

Question 19

Measures the response of sound waves against solid objects

Answer 19

ultrasonography

Question 20

in ultrasonography, sound waves are sent through abdomen or vagina by a device called a ___

Answer 20

transducer

Question 21

true or false: ultrasonography uses radiation like xrays

Answer 21

false

Question 22

• Measures the velocity @ which RBC in the uterine & fetal blood vessels travel
• Assessment of the blood flow through the uterine blood vessels is helpful to determine the vascular resistance present in women with diabetes or hypertension of pregnancy and whether resultant placental insufficiency is occurring

Answer 22

doppler umbilical velocimetry

Question 23

fetal lungs are apt to be mature at 38 weeks, a grade 3 placenta suggest that fetus is mature

Answer 23

placental grading

Question 24

how to measure amniotic fluid for <20 weeks

Answer 24

• divide in half vertically
• Measure the vertical diameter of the largest pocket of amniotic fluid present on each side in cm, then add

Question 25

how to measure amniotic fluid for >20 weeks

Answer 25

- divide into 4 quadrants - Measure the vertical diameter of the largest pocket of amniotic fluid present on each quadrant in cm, then add

Question 26

average amniotic fluid volume index between 28-40 weeks

Answer 26

12-15 cm

Question 27

afi index > 20-24 cm

Answer 27

polyhydramnios

Question 28

afi index < 5-6 cm

Answer 28

oligohydramnios

Question 29

- identifies whether an increase in the FHR occurs when the fetus moves, indicating adequate oxygenation - measures the response of the fetal heart rate to fetal movement

Answer 29

nonstress testing

Question 30

how long is nonstress testing done

Answer 30

10-20 mins

Question 31

when do you perform nonstress testing

Answer 31

28 weeks

Question 32

nonstress interpretation: 2 accelerations of FHR (by 15 beats or more) lasting for 15 seconds occur after movement within the chosen time period

Answer 32

reactive (normal)

Question 33

nonstress interpretation: - No accelerations occur with the fetal movements - No fetal movements occur or if there is low short term fetal heart rate variability (less than 6 bpm) throughout the testing period

Answer 33

nonreactive

Question 34

If no increase in beats per minute is noticeable on fetal movement, ___ of the fetus is suggested.

Answer 34

poor oxygen perfusion

Question 35

- Non-invasive test done after the 28th week of pregnancy - helps evaluate the health of the fetus

Answer 35

biophysical profile

Question 36

BPP combines five parameters into one assessment:

Answer 36

1. Fetal heart reactivity 2. Fetal breathing 3. Fetal body movement 4. Fetal tone 5. Amniotic fluid volume

Question 37

criteria for a score of 2: fetal breathing

Answer 37

30 second sustained fetal breathing within 30 min

Question 38

criteria for a score of 2: fetal movement

Answer 38

atleast 3 episodes of limb or trunk movement within 30 mins

Question 39

criteria for a score of 2: fetal tone

Answer 39

must extend and flex extremities atleast once in 30 mins

Question 40

criteria for a score of 2: AF volume

Answer 40

5-25 cm

Question 41

criteria for a score of 2: fetal heart reactivity

Answer 41

2 or more acceleration of atleast 15 bpm above baseline for 15 seconds with fetal movement within 20 mins

Question 42

8-10 BPP score

Answer 42

fetus is doing well

Question 43

6 BPP score

Answer 43

suspicious

Question 44

4 BPP score

Answer 44

fetus in jeopardy

Question 45

Movements by the fetus, as assessed by the mother, are often called ___

Answer 45

kick counts

Question 46

how to do daily kick count

Answer 46

- count once a day for 60 mins - count 2-3x daily for 2 hours OR until 10 movements are counted

Question 47

fetal alarm signal regarding kick count

Answer 47

no movement for 12 hours