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2nd Year - 1st Sem > (Prelims) MicroBio Lab Exam 1 > Flashcards

(Prelims) MicroBio Lab Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Spherical Shape

A

Cocci

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2
Q

Rod Shaped

A

Bacilli

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3
Q

Corkscrew and fairly rigid bodies

A

Spirilla

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4
Q

Helical and flexible

A

Spirochetes

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5
Q

Cocci: In clusters

A

Staphylococci

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6
Q

Cocci: In clusters

A

Staphylococci

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7
Q

Cocci: In chains

A

Streptococci

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8
Q

Cocci: In groups of 4

A

Tetrad

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9
Q

Cocci: In groups of 8

A

Sarcinae

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10
Q

Bacilli: In pairs

A

Diplobacilli

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11
Q

Bacilli: In chains

A

Streptobacilli

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12
Q

Bacilli: Fence like

A

Palisades

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13
Q

What is the shape of bacteria?

Staphylococcus aureus

A

StaphyloCocci

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14
Q

What is the shape of bacteria?

Streptococcus pyogenes

A

StreptoCocci

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15
Q

What is the shape of bacteria?

Neisseria gonorrhea

A

Diplococci

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16
Q

What is the shape of bacteria?

Streptococcus pneumoniae

A

Streptococci

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17
Q

What is the shape of bacteria?

Bacillus subtilis

A

Bacillus

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18
Q

What is the shape of bacteria?

Escherichia coli

A

Coccobacilli

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19
Q

What is the shape of bacteria?

Vibrio cholerae

A

Vibrio

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20
Q

What is the shape of bacteria?

Mycobacterium
tuberculosis

A

Slender rods, or fillamentous

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21
Q

What is the shape of bacteria?

Treponema

A

Spirochetes

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22
Q

What is the shape of bacteria?

Borrelia

A

Spiral

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23
Q

What is the shape of bacteria?

Campylobacter jejuni

A

Spiral

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24
Q

What is the shape of bacteria?

Helicobacter pylori

A

Spiral

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25
Q

Leeuwenhoek Observed things moving which he
called what

A

animalcules

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26
Q

Father of Microbiology

A

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

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27
Q

The factor by which an image appears to be enlarged.

A

MAGNIFICATION

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28
Q

The image formed is enlarged to a particular degree called the

A

“Power of Magnification”

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29
Q

the ability of a lens to show two adjacent objects as
discrete entities.

A

Resolution or Resolving Power

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30
Q

Degree to which detail in specimen is retained in a magnified image.

A

Resolution

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31
Q

The minimum distance between two visible bodies at which they can be seen as separate is the

A

“Limit of Resolution”

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32
Q

Resolution is best when?

A

LR is Low

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33
Q

True or False: The shorter the wavelength of the illumination, the better the resolution.

A

True

34
Q

a measure of its ability to gather light and resolve fine specimen detail at a fixed object.

A

numerical aperture

35
Q

True or False: The lower the numerical aperture the better will be the resolution.

A

False

36
Q

True or False: Greater the refractive index, the greater the NA

A

True

37
Q

share ko lang

A

the light rays do not refract
when passing from one to
the other when an oil
immersion objective lens is
used.

38
Q

Artificial light from a what is the most commonly
used light source in microscopy.

A

tungsten lamp

39
Q

regulates the amount of light entering the
condenser.

A
  • Iris diaphragm
40
Q

property of optical systems such as lenses that
causes light to spread out over some region of space rather than
focused to a point.

A

ABERRATION

41
Q

cause the image formed by a lens to be blurred or
distorted.

A

ABERRATION

42
Q

2 Aberrations associated with microscope

A
  1. spherical aberration
    and 2. chromatic aberration.
43
Q

refers to the use of any kind of microscope that uses
visible light to observe specimens

A

LIGHT MICROSCOPY

44
Q

Also know as bright-field microscope

A

COMPOUND LIGHT MICROSCOPY

45
Q

Produces a dark image against a bright
background

A

COMPOUND LIGHT MICROSCOPY

46
Q

Parts of microscope:

Remagnifies the image formed by objective lens

A

Ocular lens

47
Q

Parts of the microscope:

Transmits the image from the objective lens to the ocular lens

A

Body tube

48
Q

Parts of the microscope:

Primary lens that magnifies the specimen

A

Objective lenses

49
Q

Parts of the microscope:

Focuses light through specimen

A

Condenser

50
Q

Parts of the microscope:

Controls the amount of light entering the condenser

A

Iris diaphragm

51
Q

used to examine live microorganisms that
either are invisible in the ordinary light microscope, cannot be
stained by standard methods, or are so distorted by staining that
their characteristics are obscured.

A

DARKFIELD MICROSCOPY

52
Q

Parts of the microscope:

Light source

A

Illuminator

53
Q

Bacteria that needs darkfield microscope to see

A

Treponema pallidum

54
Q

the scattering of light rays as they “touch” a specimen’s
edge.

A

Diffraction

55
Q

useful because the internal
structures of a cell become more sharply defined, permitting detailed
examination of living microorganisms.

A
  • Phase contrast microscopy
56
Q

uses two beams of light instead of one.

A

DIFFERENTIAL INTERFERENCE CONTRAST
(DIC) MICROSCOPY

57
Q

The specimen itself acts as a light source,

A

FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY

58
Q

What microscope: Image is brightly colored and appears nearly three-dimensional

A

DIFFERENTIAL INTERFERENCE CONTRAST
(DIC) MICROSCOPY

59
Q

It filters the light before reaches the
specimen.

A

Excitation filter:

60
Q

The fluorescence microscope is most often similar to the
ordinary microscope except that the illuminating light is
passed through two sets of filters called?

A
  1. Excitation filter
  2. Barrier/Emission Filter
61
Q

It filters the light illuminated
from the specimen.

A

Barrier or emission filter:

62
Q

The principal use of fluorescence microscopy is a diagnostic
technique called the

A

fluorescent-antibody (FA) technique OR immunofluorescence

63
Q

are natural defense molecules that are produced by
humans and many animals in reaction to a foreign substance,

A
  • Antibodies
64
Q

foreign substance,

A

antigen

65
Q

technique in light microscopy used to
reconstruct three-dimensional images.

A

CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY

66
Q

Used when the maximum resolution is required, and when the living state can be ignored.

A

ELECTRON MICROSCOPE

67
Q

Used to examine structures too small to be resolved with light microscopes, objects smaller
than about 0.2 μm, such as viruses or the internal structures of cells

A

ELECTRON MICROSCOPE

68
Q

used instead of light in Electorn Microscope

A

beam of electrons

69
Q

Used to focus a beam of electrons onto a specimen.

A

electromagnetic lenses

70
Q

FINAL IMAGE OF TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPE

A

TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROGRAPH

71
Q

An electron gun produces a
finely focused beam of
electrons called what

A

primary electron beam.

72
Q

The image in scanning electron microscope is called a what

A

scanning electron
micrograph.

73
Q

This microscope is
especially useful in studying
the surface structures of
intact cells and viruses.

A

SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE

74
Q

GP or GN?

Escherichia coli

A

Gram Negative

75
Q

GP or GN?

Bacillus subtilis

A

Gram Positive

76
Q

GP or GN?

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

Acid-fast/Gram Nega

77
Q

GP or GN?

Bacillus cereus

A

Gram Positive

78
Q

GP or GN?

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Gram Negative

79
Q

GP or GN?

Klebsiella pneumoniae

A

Gram Negative

80
Q

GP or GN?

Streptococcus

A

Gram Positive

81
Q

GP or GN?

Neisseria gonorrhea

A

Gram Negative

82
Q

GP or GN

Shigella dysenteriae

A

Gram Negative

2nd Year - 1st Sem (20 decks)

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