(Prelims) MicroBio Lab Exam 1 Flashcards by ry ry | Brainscape

Q

Spherical Shape

A

Cocci

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Q

Rod Shaped

A

Bacilli

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Q

Corkscrew and fairly rigid bodies

A

Spirilla

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Q

Helical and flexible

A

Spirochetes

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Q

Cocci: In clusters

A

Staphylococci

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Q

Cocci: In clusters

A

Staphylococci

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Q

Cocci: In chains

A

Streptococci

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Q

Cocci: In groups of 4

A

Tetrad

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Q

Cocci: In groups of 8

A

Sarcinae

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Q

Bacilli: In pairs

A

Diplobacilli

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Q

Bacilli: In chains

A

Streptobacilli

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Q

Bacilli: Fence like

A

Palisades

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Q

What is the shape of bacteria?

Staphylococcus aureus

A

StaphyloCocci

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Q

What is the shape of bacteria?

Streptococcus pyogenes

A

StreptoCocci

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Q

What is the shape of bacteria?

Neisseria gonorrhea

A

Diplococci

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Q

What is the shape of bacteria?

Streptococcus pneumoniae

A

Streptococci

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Q

What is the shape of bacteria?

Bacillus subtilis

A

Bacillus

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Q

What is the shape of bacteria?

Escherichia coli

A

Coccobacilli

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Q

What is the shape of bacteria?

Vibrio cholerae

A

Vibrio

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Q

What is the shape of bacteria?

Mycobacterium
tuberculosis

A

Slender rods, or fillamentous

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Q

What is the shape of bacteria?

Treponema

A

Spirochetes

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Q

What is the shape of bacteria?

Borrelia

A

Spiral

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Q

What is the shape of bacteria?

Campylobacter jejuni

A

Spiral

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Q

What is the shape of bacteria?

Helicobacter pylori

A

Spiral

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Q

Leeuwenhoek Observed things moving which he
called what

A

animalcules

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Q

Father of Microbiology

A

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

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Q

The factor by which an image appears to be enlarged.

A

MAGNIFICATION

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Q

The image formed is enlarged to a particular degree called the

A

“Power of Magnification”

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Q

the ability of a lens to show two adjacent objects as
discrete entities.

A

Resolution or Resolving Power

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Q

Degree to which detail in specimen is retained in a magnified image.

A

Resolution

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Q

The minimum distance between two visible bodies at which they can be seen as separate is the

A

“Limit of Resolution”

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Q

Resolution is best when?

A

LR is Low

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Q

True or False: The shorter the wavelength of the illumination, the better the resolution.

A

True

Q

a measure of its ability to gather light and resolve fine specimen detail at a fixed object.

A

numerical aperture

Q

True or False: The lower the numerical aperture the better will be the resolution.

A

False

Q

True or False: Greater the refractive index, the greater the NA

A

True

Q

share ko lang

A

the light rays do not refract
when passing from one to
the other when an oil
immersion objective lens is
used.

Q

Artificial light from a what is the most commonly
used light source in microscopy.

A

tungsten lamp

Q

regulates the amount of light entering the
condenser.

A

Iris diaphragm

Q

property of optical systems such as lenses that
causes light to spread out over some region of space rather than
focused to a point.

A

ABERRATION

Q

cause the image formed by a lens to be blurred or
distorted.

A

ABERRATION

Q

2 Aberrations associated with microscope

A

spherical aberration
and 2. chromatic aberration.

Q

refers to the use of any kind of microscope that uses
visible light to observe specimens

A

LIGHT MICROSCOPY

Q

Also know as bright-field microscope

A

COMPOUND LIGHT MICROSCOPY

Q

Produces a dark image against a bright
background

A

COMPOUND LIGHT MICROSCOPY

Q

Parts of microscope:

Remagnifies the image formed by objective lens

A

Ocular lens

Q

Parts of the microscope:

Transmits the image from the objective lens to the ocular lens

A

Body tube

Q

Parts of the microscope:

Primary lens that magnifies the specimen

A

Objective lenses

Q

Parts of the microscope:

Focuses light through specimen

A

Condenser

Q

Parts of the microscope:

Controls the amount of light entering the condenser

A

Iris diaphragm

Q

used to examine live microorganisms that
either are invisible in the ordinary light microscope, cannot be
stained by standard methods, or are so distorted by staining that
their characteristics are obscured.

A

DARKFIELD MICROSCOPY

Q

Parts of the microscope:

Light source

A

Illuminator

Q

Bacteria that needs darkfield microscope to see

A

Treponema pallidum

Q

the scattering of light rays as they “touch” a specimen’s
edge.

A

Diffraction

Q

useful because the internal
structures of a cell become more sharply defined, permitting detailed
examination of living microorganisms.

A

Phase contrast microscopy

Q

uses two beams of light instead of one.

A

DIFFERENTIAL INTERFERENCE CONTRAST
(DIC) MICROSCOPY

Q

The specimen itself acts as a light source,

A

FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY

Q

What microscope: Image is brightly colored and appears nearly three-dimensional

A

DIFFERENTIAL INTERFERENCE CONTRAST
(DIC) MICROSCOPY

Q

It filters the light before reaches the
specimen.

A

Excitation filter:

Q

The fluorescence microscope is most often similar to the
ordinary microscope except that the illuminating light is
passed through two sets of filters called?

A

Excitation filter
Barrier/Emission Filter

Q

It filters the light illuminated
from the specimen.

A

Barrier or emission filter:

Q

The principal use of fluorescence microscopy is a diagnostic
technique called the

A

fluorescent-antibody (FA) technique OR immunofluorescence

Q

are natural defense molecules that are produced by
humans and many animals in reaction to a foreign substance,

A

Antibodies

Q

foreign substance,

A

antigen

Q

technique in light microscopy used to
reconstruct three-dimensional images.

A

CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY

Q

Used when the maximum resolution is required, and when the living state can be ignored.

A

ELECTRON MICROSCOPE

Q

Used to examine structures too small to be resolved with light microscopes, objects smaller
than about 0.2 μm, such as viruses or the internal structures of cells

A

ELECTRON MICROSCOPE

Q

used instead of light in Electorn Microscope

A

beam of electrons

Q

Used to focus a beam of electrons onto a specimen.

A

electromagnetic lenses

Q

FINAL IMAGE OF TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPE

A

TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROGRAPH

Q

An electron gun produces a
finely focused beam of
electrons called what

A

primary electron beam.

Q

The image in scanning electron microscope is called a what

A

scanning electron
micrograph.

Q

This microscope is
especially useful in studying
the surface structures of
intact cells and viruses.

A

SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE

Q

GP or GN?

Escherichia coli

A

Gram Negative

Q

GP or GN?

Bacillus subtilis

A

Gram Positive

Q

GP or GN?

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

Acid-fast/Gram Nega

Q

GP or GN?

Bacillus cereus

A

Gram Positive

Q

GP or GN?

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Gram Negative

Q

GP or GN?

Klebsiella pneumoniae

A

Gram Negative

Q

GP or GN?

Streptococcus

A

Gram Positive

Q

GP or GN?

Neisseria gonorrhea

A

Gram Negative

Q

GP or GN

Shigella dysenteriae

A

Gram Negative