Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Human Growth and Development and Embryology > PRELIMS > Flashcards

PRELIMS Flashcards

1
Q

In your pediatric rehab clinic, a new patient was decked to you. Upon your ocular inspection, you see a marked increased head circumference. You would initially thought for this as:
Select one:
a.Klinefelter’s Syndrome
b.Anencephaly
c.Hydrocephalus
d.Patau Syndrome

A

Hydrocephalus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A patient seen with the following congenital malformations most likely was exposed to which of the teratogens? Limb defects and heart malformation

A

thalidomide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A patient diagnosed with patent foramen ovale will have difficulty of which of the following activities?
Select one:
a.Running
b.Bowel movement
c.Taking a bath
d.Stair negotiation

A

d.Stair negotiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which of the following body regions would you first assess if a child was reported to have a failure of cranial neuropore?

A

Trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Based on the following findings, what could be the the patient’s diagnosis? Proximal limbs are shortened and the hand or foot is attached to the torso by that shortened limb.

A

Phocomelia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Based on the following findings, what could be the the patient’s diagnosis? Bowed legs and with “S” lateral curvature of the spine.

A

Rickets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

amniotic fluid is replaced every _ hrs

A

3hrs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

An embryo with the following characteristic may be of what estimated age? Caudal neuropore closed and upper limb buds appear.
Select one:
a.24-25 days
b.26-27 days
c.20-21 days
d.14-15 days

A

a.24-25 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

You were examining a 2-year old patient, the mother handed the results of ancillary procedures done for the patient as well. Upon checking, you noticed that the heart is pointed towards the right, the stomach at the upper left portion of the thorax, and the transverse colon oriented diagonally. What could be the patient’s condition?
Select one:
a.DiGeorge syndrome
b.Situs inversus
c.Sirenomelia

A

b.Situs inversus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

An embryo characterized with endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm present, could be what week of gestation?
Select one:
a.3rd week of gestation
b.1st week of gestation
c.4th week of gestation
d.2nd week of gestation

A

c.4th week of gestation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

T or F
During pregnancy, corpus luteum is maintained to produce estrogen.

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

structure divides the body cavity into thoracic and peritoneal cavities:

A

diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

T or F
distinguishing feature of meiosis from mitosis: 42 chromosomes are halved into 23 chromosomes

A

FALSE
distinguishing feature of meiosis from mitosis: 46 chromosomes are halved into 23 chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

cells of the primitive streak get left behind in the sacrococcygeal region, and these cells develop into tumors

A

sacrococcygeal teratoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

noninvasive technique that utilizes high-frequency sound waves reflected from tissues to create images:

A

ultrasonography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

neural plate develops into neural tube:

A

neurulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

closure of caudal neuropore: ___ region

A

lumbosacral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

9th week of gestation to birth upper portion of the stomach are retained in the thorax and the stomach is constricted at the level of diaphragm.

A

hormones gives fetus priority on maternal blood glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which of the following conditions would highly affect the gross functional skills of a growing infant?
a.Sacrococcygeal teratoma
b.Situs inversus
c.Kartagener’s syndrome
d.Caudal dysgenesis

A

a.Sacrococcygeal teratoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

T or F
According to chromosome theory of inheritance, traits of new individual are determined by specific genes.

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which of the following features is more carried over to the secondary oocyte than to the polar body giving the former a larger size than the latter?

A

Mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

lack of vitamin d in infants may cause?

A

rickets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which of the following choices will develop/occur last?
a.Movement of fetus can be felt by the mother
b.Lanugo
c.Respiratory system
d.Reflex activity

A

c.Respiratory system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

While you were asking for the 4-months old patient’s history, the mother mentioned that there was a big lump formation at the butt area of her baby. What could be the baby’s condition?

A

Sacrococcygeal teratoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which of the following is the most important structure that should have developed to avoid the case of sirenomelia?
a.Caudal endoderm
b.Cephalic endoderm
c.Cephalic mesoderm
d.Caudal mesoderm

A

d.Caudal mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which of the following is the most important to occur first in order for fertilization to go through?

A

Capacitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which of the following features of angelman syndrome will greatly affect the developmental milestones of a child?

A

Intellectual disability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which of the following choices will develop/occur first?
a.Reflex activity
b.Lanugo
c.Movement of fetus can be felt by the mother
d.Respiratory system

A

a.Reflex activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which of the following features of angelman syndrome will greatly affect the developmental milestones of a child?

A

Intellectual disability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

A pregnant patient who is in her end of 2nd trimester, was referred to you. During history taking, she mentioned that she had her AFP screening yesterday and found that there is an increased levels of AFP. What could this mean?

A

A possible neural tube defect has caused the leaking of AFP.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which of the following prenatal laboratory is contraindicated in <14 weeks pregnancy?
a.Ultrasonography
b.AFP Screening
c.Amniocentesis
d.Maternal serum screening

A

c.Amniocentesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

perm cells become most motile during ovulation:

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

A mother who is in due delivery was brought to the hospital. She mentioned that her water broke ~30 minutes ago and has felt strong contraction of ~1 minute apart. Which stage of labor could the patient be?
a.Delivery of fetus stage
b.None of the choices
c.Effacement stage

A

a.Delivery of fetus stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which of the following structures is derived from intermediate mesoderm?
a.Gonads
b.Circulatory system
c.Sclerotome

A

a.Gonads

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which of the following structures is derived from paraxial mesoderm?

A

Myotome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which of the following structures is derived from ectoderm?
a.Peripheral nervous system
b.Sclerotome
c.Diaphragm
d.Dermatome

A

a.Peripheral nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

T or F
Genes inherited from father and mother could also reflect traits even the traits possessed by an individual’s ancestors.

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which of the following structures are derived from endoderm?
a.Liver parenchyma
b.Myotome
c.Gonads
d.Kidney

A

d.Kidney

3
Q

T or F
consistent with down syndrome: found in males with female-like body structure because of its extra chromosomes

A

FASLE
consistent with klinefelter syndrome: found in males with female-like body structure because of its extra chromosomes

3
Q

What is oogenesis:

A
3
Q

Trophoblast progresses rapidly while bilaminar germ disc develops. On the other hand, primary villi further develops where small capillaries arise.
a. Both statements are true.
B. First statement is false. Second statement is true.
C. Both statements are false.
D. First statement is true. Second statement is false.

A

a. Both statements are true.

4
Q

T or F
Sperm cells can fertilize an egg cell as fast as 30 minutes.

A

TRUE

4
Q

Which of the following is NOT correctly classified as to its location?

A

Connecting stalk - Cephalic

4
Q

How do you differentiate cloacal membrane from oropharyngeal membrane?

A

Primitive streak originates in the former structure.

4
Q

T or F
if implantation does not happen, pregnancy will not occur

A

TRUE

4
Q

Which of the following is not true regarding the main results of fertilization?

A

Restoration of haploid number of chromosomes

4
Q

Which of the following structures are derived from trophoblast?

A

Cytotrophoblast

4
Q

Which of the following would happen last in formation of notochord?

a.Notochord detaches from the endoderm.
b.Migration of epiblast cells to prechordal plate
c.Notochord detaches from ectoderm.
d.Prenotochordal cells become intercalated in the endoderm to form the notochordal plate.

A

d.Prenotochordal cells become intercalated in the endoderm to form the notochordal plate.

4
Q

What would happen first in formation of notochord?

A

Migration of epiblast cells to prechordal plate

4
Q

A birth defect that results with microdeletion of maternal chromosome 15 characterized with unprovoked and prolonged periods of laughter?

A

Angelman Syndrome

4
Q

A birth defect characterized with XO chromosome.

A

Turner Syndrome

4
Q
A
4
Q

A birth defect of an extra chromosome on 21st pair characterized with simian crease and typical facies.

A

Down Syndrome

4
Q

What do you call the division of cytoplasm?

A

cytokinesis

4
Q

A birth defect with an extra X chromosome found in males with feature characteristics of wide hips, poor beard growth, and breast development.

A

Klinefelter Syndrome

4
Q

In this ovarian cycle’s phase, GnRH is set to cause release of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone.

A

Follicular phaseFollicular phase

4
Q

T or F
narrowest part of the fallopian tube: isthmus

A

TRUE

4
Q

Identified as the inner cell mass of the blastocyst.

A

embryoblast

4
Q

T or F
4th week development: cells migrate to fuse

A

FALSE
2nd week development: cells migrate to fuse

4
Q

Where is the most common site for ectopic pregnancy

A

ampulla

5
Q

how long does capacitation last?

A
5
Q

what do you call the 16-cell embryo composed of inner and outer cells?

A

Morula

5
Q
A
5
Q
A
5
Q

process of establishment of three germ layers

A
6
Q
A
6
Q
A
6
Q
A
6
Q
A
6
Q
A
7
Q
A
8
Q
A
8
Q
A
8
Q
A
8
Q
A
9
Q
A
9
Q
A
9
Q
A
9
Q
A
10
Q
A
11
Q
A
11
Q
A
11
Q
A
11
Q
A
12
Q
A
13
Q
A
13
Q
A
13
Q
A
13
Q
A
14
Q
A
14
Q

Which of the following is true?
Select one:
Epiblast is adjacent to blastocyst cavity while hypoblast is adjacent to amniotic cavity.
Cytotrophoblast is where mitotic figures are found while syncitiotrophoblast is where these formed cells migrate and fuse.
Primitive yolk sac was formed by the epiblast cells and exocoelomic membrane.

A

Cytotrophoblast is where mitotic figures are found while syncitiotrophoblast is where these formed cells migrate and fuse.

14
Q

Which of the following is the correct sequence? i - Capacitation ii - Fertilization iii - Penetration of Corona Radiata iv - Acrosome Reaction v - Penetration of Zona Pellucida
i, iv, v, iii, ii
i, iv, iii, v, ii
iv, i, iii, v, ii
iv, i, v, iii, ii

A

iv, i, v, iii, ii

14
Q

Which of the following is consistent during luteal phase?
There is follicular rupture.
There is an increasse in production of progesterone.
There is a surge of luteinizing hormone.
There is a surge of follicle-stimulating hormone.

A

There is an increasse in production of progesterone.

Human Growth and Development and Embryology (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions