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Human Growth and Development and Embryology > FINALS > Flashcards

FINALS Flashcards

1
Q
  1. A 16 year old patient who weighs 75 kg with a height of 5’9” has a BMI of ?
    A. 21.09
    B. 22.90
    C. 23.49
    D. 24.49
A

D. 24.49

(weight in kilograms (kg) divided by the square of height in meters (m2))

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2
Q

A bereaved individual who was not depressed prior to her spouse’s death but then evidenced chronically elevated depression through the first year and a half of bereavement

A. Four-Component Model
B. Dual Process Model
C. Grief Work as Rumination Hypothesis

A

B. Dual Process Model

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2
Q
  1. A 90-year old patient is being treated by a PT intern. You observed that it seems the patient is having a hard time hearing the intern’s instruction. What could be the problem and what could you do about it?

A. Presbyopia; Instruct the intern to demonstrate the instructions instead
B. Presbycusis; Do nothing since the patient might not just want to do the exercise itself
C. Presbycusis; Instruct the intern to utilize a low-pitch tone while giving instructions near the patient
D. Glaucoma; Instruct the intern to terminate the exercise since the patient may not be feeling well

A

C. Presbycusis; Instruct the intern to utilize a low-pitch tone while giving instructions near the patient

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2
Q

A couple who loves to hike in the mountains who found each other in love after lots of adventures together can most likely be explained by what theory?

A. Gilligan’s Theory
B. Kohlberg’s Theory
C. Maturity Development Theory
D. Theory of Assortative Mating

A

D. Theory of Assortative Mating

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3
Q

A high school student taking an aptitude test to know which field of course should she take on college.
A. Crystallization
B. Specification
C. Implementation

A

A. Crystallization

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3
Q

A student who excels in all of his mathematical subjects during his high school years but chose to pursue a medical course is a good example of what theory?

A. Career Construction Theory
B. Holland’s Theory
C. Social Cognitive Theory
D. Super’s theory

A

B. Holland’s Theory

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4
Q

A type of long-term care facility that provides medical care 24 hours a day, 7 days a week using a team of health care professionals.
A. Acute care
B. Hospice care
C. Intensive care unit
D. Nursing Home

A

D. Nursing Home

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4
Q

A well-known student who earned a lot of awards in the artistry contests hosted by the school and international events he joined in, took a college course specializing on arts field. This scenario is in line with what theory?
A. Career Construction Theory
B. Holland’s Theory
C.Social Cognitive Theory
D.Super’s theory

A

B. Holland’s Theory

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5
Q

At what age is the brain nearly full size?
A. Birth
B. Childhood
C. Adolescence
D. Adulthood

A

Adolescence

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5
Q
  1. All of the following are symptoms of ADHD, except:
    A. Excessive talking
    B. Acting without thinking
    C. Constantly fidgeting
    D.Decreased physical movement
A

D.Decreased physical movement

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5
Q

All of the following are criterion towards declaration of clinical death EXCEPT?
A. No motor reflexes
B. No pupil responses
C. A flat EEG for at least 15 minutes.
D. No spontaneous respirations for at least 60 minutes.

A

C. A flat EEG for at least 15 minutes.
(10 MINS ONLY)

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5
Q

At times the individual is sad and regretful but then she realizes that life must go on so she tries to be cheerful and hopeful.
A. Four-Component Model
B. Dual Process Model
C. Grief Work as Rumination Hypothesis

A

B. Dual Process Model

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6
Q

Late adulthood changes: Decreased resting heart rate
A. Physiological changes
B. Sensory changes

A

A. Physiological changes

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6
Q

Based on the five-factor model, high extraversion is consistent with which of the following?
A. Readily express their opinions
B. Down to earth
C. Suspicious
D. Have vivid imagination

A

A. Readily express their opinions

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6
Q

All of the following are symptoms of ADHD, except
A. Excessive talking
B. Acting without thinking
C. Constantly fidgeting
D. Decreased physical movement

A

D. Decreased physical movement

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6
Q

Climacteric is?

A

Transition from regular menstruation to menopause

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6
Q

Early menstrual cycles are usually irregular and without ovulation. For boys, puberty usually commences with the growth of pubic hair and then followed by growth of testes and scrotum.
A. First statement is true. Second statement is false.
B. First statement is false. Second statement is true.
C. Both statements are true.
D. Both statements are false.

A

A. First statement is true. Second statement is false.

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7
Q

Bone mass stays the same until women experience menopause. Just as men, bone mass stays the same until they reach late life.
A. First statement is true. Second statement is false.
B. First statement is false. Second statement is true.
C. Both statements are true.
D. Both statements are false.

A

A. First statement is true. Second statement is false.

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8
Q

Husband and wife both love to play tennis and enjoys it as their recreation.
A. Homogamy
B. Equal Relationship
C. Maturity

A

Homogamy

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8
Q

It is a small group of people who have similarities and usually spend time together making them adapt some of each other’s characteristics.

A

Clique

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9
Q

Generativity is being productive by helping others to ensure the continuation of society by guiding the preceding generation. On the other hand, stagnation is being unable to deal with the needs of their children or to provide mentoring to younger adults.
A. First statement is true. Second statement is false.
B. First statement is false. Second statement is true.
C. Both statements are true.
D. Both statements are false.

A

A. First statement is true. Second statement is false.

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9
Q

It is a process by which people reflect on the events and experiences of their lifetimes

A

Life review.

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10
Q

It is characterized by a recognition that truth may vary from situation to situation and that solutions must be realistic to be reasonable.

A

Postformal thought

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10
Q

L.P. an 80-year-old male patient who is confined with an end-stage renal failure condition made his health care decisions known and decided to withhold all available treatments. This gesture is known as?

A

Passive euthanasia

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11
Q

Late adulthood changes: Difficulty seeing close objects clearly.
A. Physiological changes
B. Sensory changes

A

B. Sensory changes

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12
Q

. Late adulthood changes: Progressive and irreversible destruction of receptors for sight
A. Physiological changes
B. Sensory changes

A

B. Sensory changes

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12
Q

Late adulthood changes: Increased residual volume
A. Physiological changes
B. Sensory changes

A

A. Physiological changes

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12
Q

Maturing early can be harmful for both girls and boys. For girls, early maturation may lead them to a relationship with older men.
A. First statement is true. Second statement is false,
B. First statement is false. Second statement is true.
C. Both statements are true,
D. Both statements are false.

A

A. First statement is true. Second statement is false,

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12
Q

ate adulthood changes: Neurofibrillary tangles form
A. Physiological changes
B. Sensory changes

A

A. Physiological changes

12
Q

O.M., a 60 year-old patient referred for physical therapy for post-stroke condition was decked to you.
You observed that the patient is always late in her appointment and no-persistent in completing her home exercise program. Based on the five-factor trait model she portrays which of the following?
A. Low conscientiousness
B. High neuroticism
C. Low extraversion
D. High agreeableness

A

A. Low conscientiousness

13
Q

Men do not have a clear physiological event to mark reproductive changes except that upon late adulthood men might not be able to father children. On the other hand, women enter the climacteric process which is the transition from regular menstruation to menopause.
A. First statement is true. Second statement is false.
B. First statement is false. Second statement is true.
C. Both statements are true.
D. Both statements are false.

A

A. First statement is true. Second statement is false.

13
Q

Physical functioning generally peaks during young adulthood, including physical strength, coordination, and dexterity. Which of the following is NOT true about physical functioning in young adulthood?
A. Height reaches its maximum potential
B. Visual acuity remains high until middle age
C. Hearing begins to decline somewhat by the late twenties
D. Physical strength declines rapidly after age 30

A

D. Physical strength declines rapidly after age 30

14
Q

Mercy killing
A. Passive Euthanasia
B. Active Euthanasia
C. Physician-assisted Suicide
D. All of the above

A

B. Active Euthanasia

15
Q

Michael thinks that whenever he passes by the school’s hallway, everyone might be looking at him or judging him by his looks and gestures. What adolescents’ belief is this?

A

B. Imaginary audience

16
Q

Sharing one’s opinion about politics
A. Passion
B. Intimacy
C. Commitment

A

A. Passion

16
Q

Programmed cell death theory states that
A. organisms’ cells have only so much energy to expend in a lifetime.
B. aging is genetically programmed to occur with time, and this process of deterioration eventually leads to death.
C. aging is genetically programmed to occur with the number of times the cell regenerates and then it just stops regenerating upon reaching maximum and eventually leads to death.
D. aging is physiologically programmed to occur with lifestyle factors. Healthy lifestyle programs the cell to live longer and vice versa for poor lifestyle.

A

D. aging is physiologically programmed to occur with lifestyle factors. Healthy lifestyle programs the cell to live longer and vice versa for poor lifestyle.

16
Q

Research evidence for Erikson’s view on intimacy and identity is conflicting, with some studies showing a positive relationship and others showing no relationship. This may be due to:
A. Gender differences in resolving identity and intimacy issues
B. Cultural differences in resolving identity and intimacy issues
C. Individual differences in resolving identity and intimacy issues
D. All of the choices

A

D. All of the choices

17
Q

The key indicator of becoming an adult for many people is establishing:
A. Emotional independence
B. Social independence
C. Financial independence
D. Intellectual independence

A

C. Financial independence

18
Q

The daughters of a deceased mother was not deeply grieving because they expected it to happen since the mother is too old already.
A. Four-Component Model
B. Dual Process Model
C. Grief Work as Rumination Hypothesis

A

A. Four-Component Model

18
Q

The challenges faced by young adults in their twenties can be difficult and may lead to a period of self-exploration and search for meaning known as:
A. Quarterlife crisis
B. Identity crisis
C. Midlife crisis
D. Existential crisis

A

A. Quarterlife crisis

19
Q

The Patient Self-Determination Act (1990) requires the following except:
A. To make the patient’s health care decisions known
B. To make an advance health care directive
C. To accept or refuse medical treatment
D. To declare his own competence in right judgment of actions.

A

D. To declare his own competence in right judgment of actions.

20
Q

This age range has increased life expectancy, substantial potential for physical and mental illness, and has high levels of emotional and personal well-being. BONUS choose “young-old” option.
A. Average-old
B. Oldest-old
C. Old-old
D. Young-Old

A

D. Young-Old

20
Q

The stages of the grief process are as follows: - Bargaining
Il- Acceptance III - Denial IV -
Depression V - Anger
A. 4>3>2>1>5
B. 3>2>1>4>5
C. 3>5>1>2>4
D. 3>5>1>4>2

A

D. 3>5>1>4>2

21
Q

This is wherein the individual has a status determined by adults rather than by personal exploration.
A. Achievement
B. Diffusion
C. Foreclosure
D. Moratorium

A

C. Foreclosure

22
Q

This component proposes that understanding grief is based on context of the loss, continuation of subjective meaning associated with loss, changing representations of the lost relationship, and the role of coping and emotion-regulation processes.
A. Dual process model
B. Four-component model
C. Both of these
D. None of these

A

B. Four-component model

23
Q

This theory indicates that the presence of father would cause a delay on maturity while the absence will most likely expedite the maturity process of the girl.

A

D. Paternal Investment Theory

23
Q

What are secondary sex characteristics?
A. Organs directly involved in reproduction
B. Physical signs of maturity not directly linked to reproductive organs
C. Changes in brain size and weight
D. Emotional changes during puberty

A

B. Physical signs of maturity not directly linked to reproductive organs

24
Q

. What distinguishes the adolescent brain from the adult brain?
A. The reward- and pleasure-seeking systems are more mature
B. The systems for self-control are fully developed
C. The brain is smaller in size and weight
D. The brain is less connected and information is transmitted slowly

A

A. The reward- and pleasure-seeking systems are more mature

24
Q

What is myelination?

A

The acquisition of fatty insulation that makes neurons transmit information faster

24
Q

What is the first phase in Donald Super’s theory of career development?

A

Exploration

24
Q

What is the key player in regulating physical development during puberty?

A

Pituitary gland

24
Q

What is the main way that adolescents achieve an identity?

A

Through hypothetical reasoning

24
Q

What is the most common cause of early maturation for girls?
A. Genetic factors
B. Environmental factors such as nutrition and health
C. Psychological factors such as stress

A

B. Environmental factors such as nutrition and health

24
Q

What is the timing of pubertal events regulated by?
A. Genetic factors
B. Hormonal changes
C. Environmental factors such as nutrition and health
D. Social factors such as peer influence

A

D. Social factors such as peer influence

25
Q

What level in reasoning and morality falls under is the judgment that stealing should be punished by the authorities?
A. Conventional
B. Post-conventional
C. Pre-conventional
D. Social System Morality

A

Conventional

25
Q

What level in reasoning and morality falls under is the judgment that stealing should be punished by the authorities?
A. Conventional
B. Post-conventional
C. Pre-conventional
D. Social System Morality

A
26
Q

Which body parts usually begin to grow first during adolescence?

A

Head, hands, and feet

27
Q

Which level of moral reasoning is based on an internal moral code and is unaffected by others’ views or society’s expectations?

A

Postconventional level

28
Q

which of the following activities may help a teenager who was exposed to addictive substances such as alcoholic drinking and smoking?
A. Supportive parenting
B. Authoritative parenting
C. Highly maintained interpersonal relationships
D. Supportive and Authoritative parenting

A

D. Supportive and Authoritative parenting

29
Q

Which of the following does NOT belong to the criteria in physician-assisted suicide?
A. The patient is well-oriented.
B. The patient makes a request repeatedly over time.
C. The patient has a very bad prognosis and has no chance to recover.
D. At least three physicians have reviewed the case and agrees with the patient’s request.

A

A. The patient is well-oriented.

29
Q

Which of the following factors can influence an adolescent’s ability to achieve identity?
A. Parental encouragement
B. Peer relationships
C. Social context
D. All of the choices

A

D. All of the choices

29
Q

Which of the following has the correct sequence according to Kohlberg’s Theory? I - Abides by the law because it is necessary to maintain peace and order in the communityll - Looks after their personal needs in the form of favors |Il - Agrees upon a social contract for the benefit of everyone IV - Morality follows what the authority believes in to avoid punishment
??

A
29
Q

Which of the following is NOT a change that occurs during puberty?
A. Increase in body fat
B. Increase in heart and lung capacity
C. Decrease in strength and endurance
D. Increase in secondary sexual characteristics

A

C. Decrease in strength and endurance

29
Q

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of adolescents’ thinking during the search for identity?
A. Adolescent egocentrism
B. Imaginary audience
C. Personal fable
D. Logical reasoning

A

D. Logical reasoning

29
Q

Which of the following is true?
A. Anxiety disorders can be treated with behavioral and cognitive therapy.
B. The cognitive therapy is the therapy of choice among anxiety disorder patients.
C. Depression might be caused by two factors namely physiologic factor and environmental factor.

A

A. Anxiety disorders can be treated with behavioral and cognitive therapy.

29
Q
  1. Which of the following is NOT a recommended treatment for depression in adolescents?
    A. Antidepressant drugs
    B. Psychotherapy
    C. Cognitive and Social skills training
    D. Prevention programs
A

D. Prevention programs

29
Q

Young adulthood show the most complex understanding of self, emotions and motivations while middle adulthood is the phase for “midlife correction”.
A. First statement is true. Second statement is false.
B. First statement is false. Second statement is true.
C. Both statements are true.
D. Both statements are false.

A

B. First statement is false. Second statement is true.

29
Q

Younger partners are more likely to fail the marriage.
A. Homogamy
B. Equal Relationship
C. Maturity

A

A. Homogamy

29
Q

Which of the following is NOT a type of exploration that adolescents engage in during the search for identity?
A. Career-oriented exploration
B. Romantic exploration
C. Religious and political exploration
D. Physical exploration

A

D. Physical exploration

29
Q

Which of the following is true?
A. Myelination and synaptic pruning development beings in adolescence.
B. Growth spurt does not start until the adolescent reaches the age of 16 for both girls and

A

A. Myelination and synaptic pruning development beings in adolescence.

29
Q

Willingness of the wife to take care of her husband diagnosed with cancer
A. Passion
B. Intimacy
C. Commitment

A

C. Commitment

Human Growth and Development and Embryology (17 decks)

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