Adolescence Flashcards
Triggers the release of these sex hormones
Pituitary Gland
is a collection of physical changes that marks the onset of adolescence, including growth spurt and the growth of breasts or testes
o Physical growth, brain growth, and sexual maturation
Puberty
T or F
Girls typically begin their growth spurt about two
years before boys do
TRUE
During the peak of the adolescent growth spurt, a girl may gain as much as __ pounds in a year and a boy ___pounds a year
During the peak of the adolescent growth spurt, a
girl may gain as much as 13 to 15 pounds in a year
and a boy 16 to 17 pounds a year
When do boys usually start their growth in puberty and when is its peak? (age)
Boys start the growth spurt at age 13, hit the
peak at 14, and reach mature stature at 17
When do girls usually start their growth in puberty and when is its peak? (age)
Girls start their growth spurt at about age 11,
reach their peak rate of growth at about 12,
and achieve their mature stature at about 15
Two types of physical growth
Bodily changes
Sexual maturation
Which part of the body grows first?
Head, hands, and feet usually begin to grow first, followed by growth in the arms and legs
T or F
Brian is about 95% of the size and weight of an adult’s brain
TRUE
T or F
By the time you reach adolescence, myelination and synaptic pruning is almost done for slower processing of information
FALSE
By the time you reach adolescence, myelination and synaptic pruning is almost done for faster processing of information
Adolescence is a vulnerable time because?
the reward and pleasure-seeking centers of the brain, the limbic system, mature more rapidly than the behavioral control systems, the frontal system
➢ We are braver and more courageous
➢ This is why we are more rebel at this age
➢ In social media, they want more likes
Onset of maturation through first menstruation
Menarche
first spontaneous of sperm-laden fluid
Spermarche
Regulates the physical development by releasing growth hormone and regulates pubertal changes by signaling other glands to secrete hormones
Pituitary Gland
In girls, the pituitary signals the ovaries to release ____, breast to enlarge, the female genitals to mature, and fat to accumulate
Estrogen
In boys, the pituitary signals the testes to release the ___ hormone testosterone, male genitals to mature and muscle mass to increase
Androgen
T or F
Menarche occurs at younger ages in girls who experience chronic stress or who are depressed
TRUE
What theory emphasizes the role of fathers in determining the timing of puberty
Paternal Investment Theory
What is considered Regular Activity?
“Regular Activity” is working at least 3 days a week for 30 minutes at a pace that keeps the heart rate of an adolescent at around 140 beats per minute
Effects of Physical Fitness
o Reduce the risk of obesity, cancer, heart disease, diabetes
o Reduce the risk of psychological disorders like depression and anxiety
Benefits of Physical Activity
● Enhances their self-esteem and help them learn initiative
● Gives them a chance to learn important social skills like developing teamwork
Risks and Injuries in Adolescence
o Delinquent and antisocial behavior
o Use of illegal drugs to improve performance – anabolic steroids
o Increasing of BP and cholesterol levels can harm the liver, reproductive system, skeleton, and cardiovascular system
o Mood swings, aggression, and depression are also associated with it
Common Causes of Death in Adolescence
➢ Drive too fast
➢ Drive without wearing seatbelt
➢ Driving while drunk
➢ Drinking while driving or texting
What is Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Development? (3)
- Pre-conventional
- Conventional
- Post-conventional
