Introduction to HGDE Flashcards
focuses more on physical measurements; these
are quantitative changes
GROWTH
The average height at Birth?
50 cm
Growth + Development =?
MATURATION
focuses more on the acquisition of skills,
refinement of skills, change, and stability in
people; these are qualitative changes
DEVELOPMENT
The average height growth at 12 months
75cm
The average height growth at 4 years old
100cm
The average height growth at Early school age (6+ y/o)
5cm annually
The average height growth at Pre-/Adolescence (11-12+)
5-8cm annually
The average weight growth at 12 months
(3400g x 2) x 3
The average weight growth at 1 y/o to adolescence
2kg annually
The average weight growth at Birth
3400g
If the head is big, document it as “_______” which may be hydrocephalus;
if it’s small, document it as “______”
“macrocephaly”
“microcephaly”
The average weight growth at 5 months
3400g x 2
T or F
The term “documented” is used because
macro/microcephaly refers to the size while
‘hydrocephalus’ refers to the diagnosis which is
done by a doctor (MD)
TRUE
DEVELOPMENTAL CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK is developed by?
This framework is by P.Baltes
DEVELOPMENT is:
A lifelong process
➢ Multidimensional; cognitive, physical, mental,
emotional, social aspects
- Interrelated with multidimensional
- When you gain in one aspect, you may lose
in another aspect - Ex: as you age, you gain wisdom, but you
lose physically
Multidirectional
Biology and culture’s influence
* ___ - hair color acquired from the parents
* __- marriage polygamy or monogamy
Biology and culture’s influence
* Biology - hair color acquired from the parents
* Culture - marriage polygamy or monogamy
- Modifiability of performance (adapting)
- One may not accept changes, but another one can accept and adapt to the change
Shows plasticity
Changes in the body, brain, sensory capacities,
motor skills, and health which are all related to the
physical body
PHYSICAL
o Learning, attention, memory, language, thinking,
reasoning, and creativity
o Mental action/process of acquiring knowledge
and understanding by thought, experience, and
senses
COGNITIVE
o Emotions, personality, social relationships
o This is subjective as this differs from one person
to another
o There’s a pattern, tho
PSYCHOSOCIAL
three domains of development
Physical
Cognitive
Psychosocial
8 PERIODS OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
PRENATAL PERIOD
INFANCY AND TODDLERHOOD
EARLY CHILDHOOD
MIDDLE CHILDHOOD
ADOLESCENCE
YOUNG ADULTHOOD
MIDDLE ADULTHOOD
LATE ADULTHOOD
o 65+ years old
o Cope with losses and preparation for death
LATE ADULTHOOD
o 40 to 65 years old
o Biological milestone for women: menopause
o There’s a decline in physical capabilities; quick
fatigue, disorders appear (diabetes, kidney problems, gallbladder problems, heart
dysfunctions)
o Engaging in life changes
MIDDLE ADULTHOOD
20 to 40 years old
o One experiences independent lifestyle,
occupations, and family
o Selection of mate, starting of a family
o Rearing children
o Providing a “home” environment
o Holding a job, keeping a home
YOUNG ADULTHOOD
o 11 to 20 years old
o Biological milestone: puberty
o Puberty signals the end of their childhood
o There’s a “separation from family”
ADOLESCENCE
6 to 11 years old
o Child’s entrance to the school
o Peers are more important than learning
something
o Interacting with peers and having them around is
very essential and important to them
MIDDLE CHILDHOOD
They establish independence and a sense of self
o Socializing with the opposite sex and a sense of
childbearing and child-rearing
o Coping with responsibilities of acquiring job skills
(college)
ADOLESCENCE
3 to 6 years old
o They try to develop self-control
o They are interested [to play] with other children
EARLY CHILDHOOD
INFANCY: birth to 12 months
o Hallmark: depends on adults for basic needs until
they become self-reliant with basic needs (they
have autonomy)
o TODDLERHOOD: _____
INFANCY
TODDLERHOOD: 2 to 3 y/o
Conception to birth
o Clearly defined biological boundaries
PRENATAL PERIOD
Environmental influences
o Our environment, upbringing, and life experiences determine our behavior
o We are “nurtured” to behave in certain ways
NURTURE
o Our genetics determine our behavior
o Our personality traits and abilities are in our
“___”
o Certain development is based on heredity
NATURE
In diseases, it’s hereditary, but if it’s neutral, it’s
debatable
INTELLIGENCE
➢ Influences are not expected
➢ Ex: covid pandemic
NON-NORMATIVE
➢ Part of the pattern
➢ Biological and environmental events
➢ Types: age-graded influences and history-graded
influences
NORMATIVE
They neglect the previous generations
Cohorts
o The timing of the influence itself (focuses on the
event itself which will impact the person)
o The time when an event has a specific impact on
the development
CRITICAL PERIODS
o Is the person ready for that type of influence
(readiness)?
o The time when a person is particularly open to
experiences
SENSITIVE PERIODS
Ex: in fetal development, the critical period is the
time when the body parts develop, while the
sensitive period is the time when teratogens can
interfere in the growth
SENSITIVE PERIODS
Where growth and development unfold a natural
sequence of changes, both physical and
behavioral
Maturation
