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Human Growth and Development and Embryology > Introduction to HGDE > Flashcards

Introduction to HGDE Flashcards

1
Q

focuses more on physical measurements; these
are quantitative changes

A

GROWTH

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2
Q

The average height at Birth?

A

50 cm

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2
Q

Growth + Development =?

A

MATURATION

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2
Q

focuses more on the acquisition of skills,
refinement of skills, change, and stability in
people; these are qualitative changes

A

DEVELOPMENT

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3
Q

The average height growth at 12 months

A

75cm

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4
Q

The average height growth at 4 years old

A

100cm

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5
Q

The average height growth at Early school age (6+ y/o)

A

5cm annually

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6
Q

The average height growth at Pre-/Adolescence (11-12+)

A

5-8cm annually

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7
Q

The average weight growth at 12 months

A

(3400g x 2) x 3

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7
Q

The average weight growth at 1 y/o to adolescence

A

2kg annually

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7
Q

The average weight growth at Birth

A

3400g

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7
Q

If the head is big, document it as “_______” which may be hydrocephalus;
if it’s small, document it as “______”

A

“macrocephaly”
“microcephaly”

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7
Q

The average weight growth at 5 months

A

3400g x 2

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7
Q

T or F
The term “documented” is used because
macro/microcephaly refers to the size while
‘hydrocephalus’ refers to the diagnosis which is
done by a doctor (MD)

A

TRUE

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7
Q

DEVELOPMENTAL CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK is developed by?

A

This framework is by P.Baltes

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7
Q

DEVELOPMENT is:

A

A lifelong process
➢ Multidimensional; cognitive, physical, mental,
emotional, social aspects

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7
Q
  • Interrelated with multidimensional
  • When you gain in one aspect, you may lose
    in another aspect
  • Ex: as you age, you gain wisdom, but you
    lose physically
A

Multidirectional

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7
Q

Biology and culture’s influence
* ___ - hair color acquired from the parents
* __- marriage polygamy or monogamy

A

Biology and culture’s influence
* Biology - hair color acquired from the parents
* Culture - marriage polygamy or monogamy

7
Q
  • Modifiability of performance (adapting)
  • One may not accept changes, but another one can accept and adapt to the change
A

Shows plasticity

8
Q

Changes in the body, brain, sensory capacities,
motor skills, and health which are all related to the
physical body

A

PHYSICAL

8
Q

o Learning, attention, memory, language, thinking,
reasoning, and creativity
o Mental action/process of acquiring knowledge
and understanding by thought, experience, and
senses

A

COGNITIVE

8
Q

o Emotions, personality, social relationships
o This is subjective as this differs from one person
to another
o There’s a pattern, tho

A

PSYCHOSOCIAL

8
Q

three domains of development

A

Physical
Cognitive
Psychosocial

8
Q

8 PERIODS OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

A

PRENATAL PERIOD
INFANCY AND TODDLERHOOD
EARLY CHILDHOOD

MIDDLE CHILDHOOD
ADOLESCENCE
YOUNG ADULTHOOD

MIDDLE ADULTHOOD
LATE ADULTHOOD

8
Q

o 65+ years old
o Cope with losses and preparation for death

A

LATE ADULTHOOD

9
Q

o 40 to 65 years old
o Biological milestone for women: menopause
o There’s a decline in physical capabilities; quick
fatigue, disorders appear (diabetes, kidney problems, gallbladder problems, heart
dysfunctions)
o Engaging in life changes

A

MIDDLE ADULTHOOD

10
Q

20 to 40 years old
o One experiences independent lifestyle,
occupations, and family
o Selection of mate, starting of a family
o Rearing children
o Providing a “home” environment
o Holding a job, keeping a home

A

YOUNG ADULTHOOD

10
Q

o 11 to 20 years old
o Biological milestone: puberty
o Puberty signals the end of their childhood
o There’s a “separation from family”

A

ADOLESCENCE

11
Q

6 to 11 years old
o Child’s entrance to the school
o Peers are more important than learning
something
o Interacting with peers and having them around is
very essential and important to them

A

MIDDLE CHILDHOOD

12
Q

They establish independence and a sense of self
o Socializing with the opposite sex and a sense of
childbearing and child-rearing
o Coping with responsibilities of acquiring job skills
(college)

A

ADOLESCENCE

13
Q

3 to 6 years old
o They try to develop self-control
o They are interested [to play] with other children

A

EARLY CHILDHOOD

14
Q

INFANCY: birth to 12 months
o Hallmark: depends on adults for basic needs until
they become self-reliant with basic needs (they
have autonomy)
o TODDLERHOOD: _____

A

INFANCY
TODDLERHOOD: 2 to 3 y/o

15
Q

Conception to birth
o Clearly defined biological boundaries

A

PRENATAL PERIOD

16
Q

Environmental influences
o Our environment, upbringing, and life experiences determine our behavior
o We are “nurtured” to behave in certain ways

A

NURTURE

16
Q

o Our genetics determine our behavior
o Our personality traits and abilities are in our
“___”
o Certain development is based on heredity

A

NATURE

17
Q

In diseases, it’s hereditary, but if it’s neutral, it’s
debatable

A

INTELLIGENCE

18
Q

➢ Influences are not expected
➢ Ex: covid pandemic

A

NON-NORMATIVE

19
Q

➢ Part of the pattern
➢ Biological and environmental events
➢ Types: age-graded influences and history-graded
influences

A

NORMATIVE

20
Q

They neglect the previous generations

A

Cohorts

21
Q

o The timing of the influence itself (focuses on the
event itself which will impact the person)
o The time when an event has a specific impact on
the development

A

CRITICAL PERIODS

22
Q

o Is the person ready for that type of influence
(readiness)?
o The time when a person is particularly open to
experiences

A

SENSITIVE PERIODS

23
Q

Ex: in fetal development, the critical period is the
time when the body parts develop, while the
sensitive period is the time when teratogens can
interfere in the growth

A

SENSITIVE PERIODS

24
Q

Where growth and development unfold a natural
sequence of changes, both physical and
behavioral

A

Maturation

25
Q
A

Human Growth and Development and Embryology (17 decks)

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