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PHRM 825 > Pregnancy > Flashcards

Pregnancy Flashcards

1
Q

limit caffeine intake to < ___ mg/day

A

200 mg/day

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2
Q

Folate reduces risk of ___ tubal defects
* ___ mcg daily
* ___ mg for higher risk patients

A
  • neural
  • 400-600 mcg
  • 4 mg
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3
Q

Calcium dereases risk of maternal ___ loss, HTN, and ___
* ___ mg daily

A
  • bone, preeclampsia
  • 1000-1300 mg
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4
Q

Iron helps with blood ___
* ___ mg daily

A
  • oxygenation
  • 27-30 mg
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5
Q

vitamins are ideally started ___ months prior to conception

A

3 months

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6
Q

Vaccine recommendations

A
  • inactivated flu before october
  • Tdap between 27-36 weeks of pregnancy
  • COVID-19
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7
Q

T or F: live vaccines can be given during pregnancy

A

FALSE

Dont give a pregnant person a live vaccine goofy

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8
Q

T or F: Clinicians should weight the benefits and risks or initiating or continuing opioids in a pregnant patient

A

True

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9
Q

Drugs that are teratogenic

A
  • Warfarin
  • Lisinopril
  • Li
  • alcohol
  • methotrexate
  • isotretinoin
  • statins
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10
Q

Pregnancy PK

  • ___ in rate of absorption
  • ___ GI motility
  • ___ Vd of hydrophilic drugs
  • ___ protein binding
  • ___ CYP2C19 activity
  • ____ CYP3A4 activity
  • ___ renal and hepatic blood flow
  • ___ CrCl
A
  • decreased
  • decreased
  • increased
  • decreased
  • decreased
  • increased
  • increased
  • increased
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11
Q

Diabetes Management in Pregnancy

  • Prefered Treatment: ___
  • Avoid: ___ and ___
  • check blood sugar ___ times daily
  • fasting blood glucose shold be below ___ mg/dL
A
  • insulin
  • metormin and glyburide
  • QID
  • 95 mg/dL
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12
Q

Hypertension Management in Pregnancy

  • Prefered Treatment (6)
  • Avoid (2)
A

Prefered:
1. Labetalol
2. amlodipine
3. nifedipine
4. HCTZ
5. hydralazine
6. methyldopa

Avoid
* ACE inhibitors (lisinopril, ramipril)
* ARBs (valsartan, candesartan)

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13
Q

T or F: N/V usually ocurrs in the 3rd trimester

A

False: occurs in the first trimester

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14
Q

Drugs for N/V

A
  1. pyridoxine.
  2. doxylamine + pyridoxine
  3. meclizine, dimenhydrinate, diphenhydramine 4. Last line: ondansetron, metoclopramide
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15
Q

T of F: heart burn occurs in the first half of pregnancy

A

False; last half of pregnancy

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16
Q

Drugs of heartburn

A
  1. antacids (magnesium hydroxide, calcium caronate)
  2. sucralafate
  3. H2 antagonists and protin pump inhibitors
17
Q

Drugs for constipation

A
  • osmotic laxatives (polyethylene glycol and lactulose)
  • stooll softeners (docusate)
  • bulk laxatives (psyllium)
18
Q

Treatment of Pain, Fever, and Headache in Pregnancy

A
  • Acetaminophen

AVOID NSAIDs after 32 weeks

19
Q

Treatment of Cough and Cold in Pregnancy
* Congestion: ___ (2nd/3rd trimester) or ___
* Rhinorrhea and sleeplessness: ___ or ___

A
  • pseudoephedrine, nasal saline spray
  • chlorpheniramine, diphenhydramine
20
Q

Treatment of Urinary Tract Infections in Pregnancy
* 1st gen ___ (4)
* AVOID: ___

A

cephalosporins
1. Cephalexin
2. Nitrofurantoin
3. amoxicillin
4. ampicillin

AVOID: Fluoroquinolones (cipro/levoloxacin, tetracyclines, doxycyclines, SMZ/TMP

21
Q

Treatment of Thromboembolism in Pregnancy
* ___ for at least 6 months
* AVOID: ___

A
  • anticoagulant
  • warfarin
22
Q

preeclampsia definition:
spike in blood pressure above ___ mmHg plus ___ (300mg/dL)

A
  • 140/90 mmHg
  • proteinuria
23
Q

eclampsia definition:
___ or coma

A

seizure

24
Q

complications of preeclampsia and eclampsia

A
  • premature birth
  • low birthweight
  • growth retardation
  • death
25
Q

preeclampsia prevention
* ___ 60-80 mg starting in late ___ trimester

A

aspirin, 1st

26
Q

severe preeclampsia (4)

A
  • hydralazine
  • labetalol
  • nitroprusside
  • nifedipine

AVOID: ACE inhibitors/ARBs

27
Q

seizure management medication

A

magnesium sulfate 4-6g IV bolus

28
Q

what does HELLP syndrome stand for?

A
  • Hemolysis
  • Elevated Liver enzymes
  • Low Platelet count
29
Q

HELLP Syndrome treatment

A
  • platelets
  • corticosteroids
  • monitoring diagnostic lab values
30
Q

Treatment of Group B Strep in Pregnancy
(antibiotics)

A
  1. Penicillin G or Ampicillin
  2. PCN allergy (mild) - Cefazolin
  3. PCN allergy (severe) - Clindamycin and Vancomycin
31
Q

preterm labor is anytime before ___ weeks

A

37 weeks

32
Q

Prevention of Preterm Labor
* No history of preterm birth: progesterone ___ mg vaginal suppository
* History of preterm birth: progesterone ___ IM weekly

A
  • 200 mg
  • 250 mg
33
Q

Premature Membrane Rupture
Definition: water breaks but no ___.

A

contractions

34
Q

Premature Membrane Rupture Treatments (4)

A
  • corticosteroids
  • antibiotics
  • tocolytics
  • magnesium sulfate
35
Q

Premature Membrane Rupture Treatments - Corticosteroids
Purpose: reduce the risk of ___ distress syndrome
* 2 examples

A

respiratory
* betamethasone
* dexamethasone

36
Q

Premature Membrane Rupture Treatments - antibiotics
Purpose: Group ___ strep prophylaxis (if indicated)
* 3 examples

A

B
* Penicillin G
* Cefazolin
* Vancomycin

37
Q

Premature Membrane Rupture Treatments - tocolytics
Purpose: inhibit uterine ___
* 4 examples

A

contractions
* nifedipine
* indomethacin
* terbutaline
* magnesium sulfate

38
Q

Premature Membrane Rupture Treatments - magnesium sulfate
Purpose: fetal ___ protection

A

neutral

PHRM 825 (49 decks)

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