Pre-Industrial Flashcards
Pre-industrial
Period in history before the industrial revolution
Pre 1850
Definition of socio-cultural factors
The way in which our community has influenced developments in sport over time
Characteristics of Mob games
- Played by peasants
- Played between villages
- Usually football / rugby-like games
- Physical force
- Little skill
- Mass numbers
- Occasional (festivals / holidays)
How was Mob football influenced by socio-cultural factors?
- Everyone got involved in the village
- Sense of belonging
Upper class pre-1850
- Land-owners / rich people
- Often watched and looked down on mob sports
- Sports: cockfighting, tennis, fox hunting
Lower class pre 1850
- Peasants who worked on the land for little money
- Sports: bare knuckle fighting, mob games (e.g. mob football)
Cockfighting
- 14 ft square with 2 male chickens
- Fight to death/serious injury
- Often had metal spikes on feet to increase brutality
- Upper class would bet large sums of money
- Made illegal in 1849 (e.g. for law & order)
Activities for both classes
Upper and lower class shared some activities
Role within activity depended on your class
Activities for both classes
Pedestrianism
- LC –> compete in walking race
- UC –> back/sponsor them to make money
- UC also gamble on these
- Often the ‘footmen’ (carriage pullers) that competed
Activities for both classes
Cricket
- Common pass-time in 1800s
- Amateur –> someone who competes but not for financial gain
- Lower class professional –> someone who competes and gains money for doing so
- Often better LC players drafted in to make teams stronger
Factors affecting participation (pre1850)
- Gender
- Social class
- Law and order
- Education and literacy
- Availability of time
- Money
- Transport
Factors affecting participation (pre1850)
Social Class
- Different classes = different activites
- E.g. LC = mob football, UC = tennis
- Diff classes = diff roles within sport
- E.g. cricket, pedestrianism, boxing
- UC more money & time = more access to sport
- Nature of activities reflects class (LC = violent)
Factors affecting participation (pre1850)
Gender
Females seen as ‘weaker’ so activities could not be dangerous/strenuous
Male Dominant sports
- Mob games
- Cock fighting
- Pedestrianism
- Cricket
Female Sports
- LC –> Smock races
- UC –> Archery
Factors affecting participation (pre1850)
Law and Order
- Very little L&O –> reflected in games played
- LC –> violent & sometimes fatal
- E.g. mob football & bare knuckle fighting etc
- Few / if any rules
- Cruelty to animals at the time
Factors affecting participation (pre1850)
Education & Literacy
Lower class
- Not educated & illiterate
- No rules could be read so no rules introduced
Upper class
- Well educated & literate
- Rules read & understood
