20th Century

Question 1

The 20th Century

Answer 1

• Massive scientific and technological innovation
• Urbanisation
• Improved communication tech (email, fax, internet)
• More time for leisure = increased participation
• Stress due to war & terrorism –> affected health & wellbeing

Question 2

Class

Answer 2

• Still a class divide but less than before
• U&MC still have more free time for sport
• E.g. boxing performed by LC and funded by UC
• Some sports would see a mix of classes competing together (cricket)
• Clubs could afford to pay players due to revenue generated
• Loss of jobs during great depression led to lots of teams going bankrupt

Question 3

Gender

Answer 3

• Crowds at sporting events primarily males
• More teams were formed, mainly for males = ^ pp rates
• Still huge gap between male & female pp rates

Question 4

Law and Order

Answer 4

• Sport now televised (television boom of 1960/70s)
• Most cruel sports disappeared (bare knuckle fighting changed to boxing) (fhunting still allowed)
• Spectators now have to pay to watch sports live

Question 5

Education

Answer 5

• 1944 Education Act (a.k.a. Butler Act)
• Stated schools are not just to develop students academically –> also physically, spiritually, morally
• PE now being taught in most schools
• State education made up of:
  1. Grammar school (more academic, beyond O-levels / GCE)
  2. Secondary Modern Schools (4 year course, 5th year for GCE’s)
  3. Secondary Technical Schools (teach to serve industry)

Question 6

Time

Answer 6

More time available due to more realistic working hours

Question 7

Money

Answer 7

more money available due to better paid jobs

Question 8

Space

Answer 8

All available space used for sport
- Pubs (darts, dominos, biliards)
- Grass (football, rugby)
- Public baths (water polo)
- Allotments (pigeon racing)

Question 9

Transport

Answer 9

• Different modes of transport became available –> public & private
• E.g. Cars, trains, bikes, planes, coaches
• Teams began to have own private transport
• Sport now more accessible for pps & spectators
• Late 1940s –> growing radio coverage on sports
• International transport enabled sport to be more global
• 1948 Olympics = organisational success & made profit (last one to do so until 1984)