Post-Industrial Flashcards
Agrarian Revolution
The movement of workers away from the countryside to work in the city
Industrial Revolution
- More industry work
- Factories develop etc
- Better wages for LC (but still work 6-6-6)
- Development of railway systems
Urban Revolution
Huge rise in pop –> especially in cities
Amateur
Do not need to be paid to play
UC & eventually MC
Professional
Need to be paid to play
LC people who excelled at their sport
Effect of Amateurism and Professionalism
- A & P often played on same teams
- Forced into different changing rooms
- As made to clean kit & do dirty jobs
- Working men paid extra for missing work to play
- UC against this as went away from true values of sport
- This the reason rugby split into 2 codes (U & L) –> N / S rivalries
Social Class
- MC introduced
- MC = more time to be involved in sport
- Many went to public schools & involved in development of rules for different sports
Middle Class
Those who were professionals, factory owners and managers, but did not own large estates.
Previous LC people who had worked their way up
Gender
- A womans role –> marry & have children & financially depend on husband
- Education deemed pointless
- Lack of work for women (only teaching –> poor pay)
Gender (Late 19th Century)
- Status of women began to change
- Assumption that women should marry became compromised –> shortage of men
- High morality rates of boys
- Males serving in armed forces
- Men more likely to emigrate
- Campaigners fought for equal rights for work & education & eventually voting
This encouraged women to be more involved in sport and PE in schools
Law & Order
- Development of more laws affected which activities allowed
- U&MC developed the laws
- Cock fighting & mob games eliminated
- Most UC sports left untouched (e.g. hunting)
- In the interest of the U&MC to keep the sports they held dear
Education & Literacy
- LC didn’t want education as would mean less time working / earning money
- Child labour common
- LC families reluctant to give up earnings of children for benefit of education
- U&MC continued to gain education
Education & Literacy
The Education Act 1870
(a.k.a. The Forster Act)
- The beginning of the modern system of education in England
- National system of state education
- Increased number of elementary schools nationwide
- Supplemented schools already run by the churches/private individuals/guilds
Education and Literacy
1891 Education Act
- Elementary education effectively free after passing of 1891 Education Act
- Education becoming more accessible to LC
- Understanding of more sophisticated rules now much more wide spread
- More participation in sport (not just U&MC)
Availability of Time and Money
Factories
- Factory owners used to try and stop their players from getting paid to miss work and play sport
- However, soon realised that sport could keep them healthy and loyal
- Led to companies forming own teams
