Post Midterm - 4 Flashcards
What were some developments that happen when Piaget described?
Object search, A-not-B search error, make-believe play
What developments appear sooner than Piaget thought?
Object permanence, secondary circular reactions, deferred imitation, problem solving by analogy.
What domains of core knowledge that infants are born with?
Physical knowledge, linguistic knowledge, psychological knowledge, numerical knowledge.
How does attention look from infancy-toddlerhood?
During the first year, infants pay attention to novel events. During toddlerhood, children become capable of intentional behaviour and sustained attention improves.
What does memory research show in operant conditioning research?
Infants’ memories increase dramatically during infancy and toddlerhood. Memories move from highly context-dependent to increasingly context-free.
What does memory research show in habituation/recovery research?
Infants do not need to be physically active to acquire and retain new information.
When can infants engage in recall?
After the first year.
What is infantile amnesia and why does it happen?
How we cannot recall events before the age of 3. This may be due to: immature brain development, memory processing in infants is nonverbal, lack of focused self-image.
When can infants begin to categorize? And based on what two features?
By 6 months, based on two features: shape and colour.
In categorization, earliest categories are __________, but by the second half of the first year, more categories are __________.
perceptual, conceptual.
What is Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory?
Social contexts (other people) contribute to cognitive development.
What is the zone of proximal development?
Tasks child cannot do alone but can learn to do with help.
What helps learned at all ages?
Scaffolding
What affect mental strategies taught and learned?
Cultural variations.
What are the social origins of make-believe play?
Research indicates that make-believe play is a result of readiness and experiences.
