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PNS Flashcards

1
Q

what does PNS connect?

A

limbs to organs

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2
Q

cranial nerves emerge from

A

brain

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3
Q

spinal nerves emerge from

A

spinal cord

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4
Q

nerves are

A

bundles of fibres/axons

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5
Q

fibres refers to

A

axons

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6
Q

three types of peripheral nerves

A

sensory, motor, mixed

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7
Q

sensory nerves

A

carry info from body to CNS

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8
Q

motor nerves

A

carry info from CNS to body

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9
Q

mixed nerves

A

contain both sensory & motor FIBRES; can carry info to and from body and CNS

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10
Q

sensory cranial nerves

A

olfactory, optic, vestibulocochlear (hearing/balance)

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11
Q

T/F: olfactory, optic, vestibulocochlear (hearing/balance) are exclusively sensory

A

true

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12
Q

motor cranial nerves

A

oculomotor, trocochlear, abducens, accessory, hypoglossal

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13
Q

what three motor cranial nerves control eye muscle movements?

A

oculomotor, trocochlear, abducens

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14
Q

accessory is the motor cranial nerve pair for

A

neck

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15
Q

hypoglossal is the motor cranial nerve pair for

A

tongue

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16
Q

List the mixed cranial nerves

A

trigeminal, facial, glossopharyngeal, vagus

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17
Q

facial sensation controlled by

A

trigeminal mixed cranial nerves

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18
Q

facial expression controlled by

A

facial nerve (CNVII)

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19
Q

glossopharyngeal mixed cranial nerve

A

taste, throat sensation, swallowing

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20
Q

vagus is the mixed cranial nerve pair for

A

organ control

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21
Q

trigeminal vs facial nerve?

A

trigeminal- facial sensation
facial nerve- facial muscle

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22
Q

name all the cranial nerves in order

A

Olfactory nerve (CN I), optic nerve (CN II), oculomotor nerve (CN III), trochlear nerve (CN IV), trigeminal nerve (CN V), abducens nerve (CN VI), facial nerve (CN VII), vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII), glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX), vagus nerve (CN X), accessory nerve (CN XI), and hypoglossal nerve (CN XII).
OOOTTAFVGVAH

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23
Q

CN I

A

Olfactory

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24
Q

CN II

A

Optic

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25
Q

CN III

A

Oculomotor

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26
Q

CN IV

A

Trochlear

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27
Q

CN V

A

Trigeminal

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28
Q

CN VI

A

Abducens

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29
Q

CN VII

A

Facial

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30
Q

CN VIII

A

Vestibulocochlear

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31
Q

CN IX

A

Glossopharyngeal

32
Q

CN X

33
Q

CN XI

34
Q

CN XII

A

Hypoglossal

35
Q

spine has __ vertebrae

A

33 vertebrae

36
Q

spine is divided into _ regions:

37
Q

5 regions of the spine

A

cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal

38
Q

how many cervical verterbrae?

39
Q

how many cervical spinal nerves?

40
Q

how many thoracic verterbrae and spinal nerves?

41
Q

how many lumbar verterbrae and spinal nerves?

42
Q

how many sacral verterbrae and spinal nerves?

43
Q

how many coccygeal verterbrae?

44
Q

how many coccygeal spinal nerves?

45
Q

afferent nerves also known as

A

sensory nerves

46
Q

efferent nerves also known as

A

motor nerves

46
Q

cervical nerves (C1-C8) responsible for

A

neck, shoulder, arms, hands

47
Q

T/F: spinal nerves composed of only afferent fibres

A

false; composed of efferent & afferent fibres

47
Q

where does each spinal nerve emerge from and where does it go through?

A

emerges from spinal cord; through intervertebral foramina

47
Q

thoracic nerves (T1-T12) responsible for

A

chest, some abdominal muscles, midback

48
Q

lumbar & sacral nerves responsible for

A

lower abdomen, legs, bowel, bladder

49
Q

phrenic nerve

A

provides motor innervation to diaphragm; essential for breathing; originates from cervical spine nerves (C3, C4, C5)

50
Q

damage to phrenic nerve can result in

A

diaphragmatic paralysis or dysfunction (affects respiratory function)

51
Q

skeletal muscles contain

A

muscle fibres, connective tissue, blood vessels, nerves

52
Q

skeletal muscles contain muscle fibre bundles called

53
Q

skeletal muscles->___->___

A

fascicles; myofibrils

54
Q

myofibril segments are called

A

sarcomeres

55
Q

mechanism of muscle contraction

A

myosin filaments attach to actin filaments and bend which contracts the sarcomere

56
Q

what attaches to what in sliding filament theory

A

myosin filaments attach to actin filaments

57
Q

roof-collapsing analogy with motor units

A

not all muscles are activated at once; each motor unit control a subset of fibres in the muscle; equally dispersed

58
Q

plasma membrane that surrounds muscle fibre

A

sarcolemma

59
Q

why do you get thrown off when you go to pick up something that was lighter than you expected?

A

cuz you recruited too many motor units to do the task

60
Q

basic functional unit of a muscle fibre responsible for muscle contraction

61
Q

olfactory (I)

A

sensory; smell

62
Q

optic (II)

A

sensory; vision

63
Q

oculomotor (III)

A

eye movement & pupil reflex

64
Q

trochlear (IV)

A

eye movement

65
Q

trigeminal (V)

A

face sensation & chewing

66
Q

abducens (VI)

A

eye movement

67
Q

facial (VII)

A

face movement & taste

68
Q

vestibulocochlear (VIII)

A

hearing & balance

69
Q

glossopharyngeal (IX)

A

throat sensation, taste, swallowing

70
Q

vagus (X)

A

movement, sensation, abdominal organs

71
Q

accessory (XI)

A

neck movement

72
Q

hypoglossal (XII)

A

movement, sensation, abdominal organs (tongue)

speech anatomy (24 decks)

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