jaw

Question 1

human jaw comprises two main parts:

Answer 1

maxilla (upper) and mandible (lower)

Question 2

mandible roles

Answer 2

speech and mastication; only moveable part of the jaw

Question 3

mandible is formed from

Answer 3

two bones fused at the mental symphysis (chin joint) in early years to form a single bone

Question 4

landmarks of the mandible on the outside

Answer 4

-body (horseshoe-shaped holding lower teeth)
-ramus (vertical part connecting to skull)
-angle (where body meets ramus)
-condyle and coronoid process (protrusions at top of ramus)
-mandibular notch (depression between condyle and coronoid processes on top of ramus)

Question 5

which process is closer to ears/posterior?

Answer 5

condylar process is posterior/closer than coronoid process to ears

Question 6

mental symphysis

Answer 6

chin joint in the centre of the chin

Question 7

mental protuberance

Answer 7

chin; triangle projection on the anterior part of the mandible located at the midline

Question 8

mental spines (location, what)

Answer 8

-midline on lingual (inner) surface of mandible on mandibular symphysis
-superior & inferior mental spines
-4 mental spines in total (2 pairs)

Question 9

superior mental spines

Answer 9

origin for genioglossus muscle; pair next to each other above the inferior mental spines

Question 10

inferior mental spines

Answer 10

origin for geniohyoid muscle; pair next to each other below the superior mental spines

Question 11

landmarks of mandible on lingual (inner) side

Answer 11

-mental spines (superior/inferior pairs)
-mylohyoid line(s) (on both sides)
-temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

Question 12

temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

Answer 12

-connects mandible to temporal bone
-consists of condyle of the mandible and the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone
-cushioned by a fibrous articulator disk for smooth movement

Question 13

fossa & facets

Answer 13

facets:
fossa: small depression in bone/anchor point for attachment

Question 14

foramen in mandible

Answer 14

mandibular foramen and mental foramen (holes)

Question 15

mandibular foramen (location, structure, role)

Answer 15

-internal surface of ramus of mandible
-opening that is entry point for inferior alveolar nerve and vessels
-innervation and blood supply to lower teeth/surrounding bone

Question 16

mental foramen (location, structure, role)

Answer 16

-external surface of mandible near apex of mandibular premolar teeth
-small opening that allows passage of mental nerve and blood vessels

Question 17

what structure is located on the opposite side of the mental protuberance (internal vs external)?

Answer 17

mental spines

Question 18

which process is temporomandibular joint (TMJ) associated with?

Answer 18

condylar processes