combining articulation

Question 1

for what are laryngeal muscles used for voiceless stops in english specifically?

Answer 1

aspiration; e.g. pca muscles to bring apart vocal folds for [p]

Question 2

two solutions for how movements of different articulators are timed and controlled?

Answer 2

-context-sensitive (“look ahead”) models
-context-invariant models

Question 3

context-sensitive (“look ahead”) models

Answer 3

we know all the positions before starting the movement and then we take into account what’s ahead (know about B and C so we know how to move from A to B to C beforehand)
-motor plans
-how do my articulators usually coordinate the upcoming sequence?

Question 4

context-invariant models

Answer 4

don’t need to know what positions are up next; transitions happen on the spot (A to B to C)
-black-belt video
-what’s the fastest way to get articulators from here to there?

Question 5

the inverse problem

Answer 5

not sure which path we took from B to C

Question 6

task dynamics

Answer 6

define a task as movement toward a physical target; things are computed on the fly (no stored plan)
-pseudoinverse solutions determine efficient paths

Question 7

2 unifying theories combining motor planning and task dynamics

Answer 7

motor program level: long-term stored structures
motor system level: computes dynamics in real time