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Paramedic > Pick 6 Review > Flashcards

Pick 6 Review Flashcards

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1
Q

ativan drug class

A

anticonvulsant/sedative/hypnotic/benzodiazepine

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2
Q

ativan indications

A

major motor seizures, premed for cardioversion, acute anxiety

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3
Q

ativan contraindications

A

hypersensitivity

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4
Q

ativan SE

A

hypotension, drowsiness, HA, amnesia, respiratory depression, blurred vision, N+V

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5
Q

ativan pedi dose

A

0.05 mg/kg

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6
Q

ativan precautions

A

have benzo antagonist available

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7
Q

ativan interactions

A

additive effects with other CNS depressants and alcohol

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8
Q

versed drug class

A

benzodiazepine/anticonvulsant/sedative/hypnotic

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9
Q

versed moa

A

positive allosteric modulator for GABA receptors, hyperpolarizes cells by increasing Cl- concentration

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10
Q

versed indications

A

pre med for cardioversion, post-intubation sedation, seizure

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11
Q

versed contraindications

A

narrow-angle glaucoma, shock, depressed vitals, alcoholic coma

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12
Q

versed side effects

A

laryngospasm, bronchospasm, dyspnea, respiratory depression and arrest, drowsiness, amnesia, AMS, tachycardia, bradycardia, PVC’s, retching

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13
Q

versed pedi dose

A

0.2mg/kg max of 10mg

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14
Q

versed precautions

A

have resuscitative equipment available, more potent than other benzos, have benzo antagonist available

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15
Q

versed interactions

A

additive effects with other CNS depressants and alcohol

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16
Q

albuterol moa

A

b2 agonist causes bronchodilation

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17
Q

albuterol contraindications

A

hypersensitivity, symptomatic tachycardia

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18
Q

albuterol SE

A

anxiety, HA, palpitations, sweating, dizziness, nervousness, tremor, HTN, arrhythmias, chest pain, N+V

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19
Q

albuterol precautions

A

monitor vitals and EKG; caution with heart disease or HTN, check lungs before and after

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20
Q

albuterol interactions

A

SE increased with other sympathetic agonists, beta blockers blunt effects, MAOI’s and TCA’s may potentiate cardiovascular effects

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21
Q

solu-medrol MOA

A

upregulates genes that produce inhibit inflammatory response - is an immunosuppressant

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22
Q

solu-medrol onset

A

2-6 hrs

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23
Q

solu-medrol peak

A

4-8 days

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24
Q

solu-medrol duration

A

1-5 weeks

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25
Q

solu-medrol indicaitons

A

anaphylaxis,hives; asthma, copd; spinal cord injury

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26
Q

solu-medrol contraindications

A

none

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27
Q

solu-medrol SE

A

fluid retention, CHF, HTN, abd. distention, vertigo, HA, nausea, malaise, hiccups

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28
Q

solu-medrol spinal cord injury

A

30mg/kg iv over 15 min, maintenance 5.4 mg/kg/hr for 24-48 hrs

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29
Q

solu-medrol precautions

A

one dose prehospitally, can prolong wound healing, suppression of adrenocortical steroids

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30
Q

solu-medrol interactions

A

lasix and thiazide diuretics increase K+ loss; decreased effect with phenytoin, phenobarbital, rifampin

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31
Q

mag sulfate drug class

A

electrolyte/antidysrhythmic/mineral

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32
Q

mag sulfate moa

A

physiological Ca2+ channel blocker causes CNS depression and smooth muscle relaxation

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33
Q

mag indications

A

asthma/bronchospasm; severe refractory VF or pulseless VT, torsades; post MI prophylaxis of dysrhythmias; eclampsia, pre-term labor

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34
Q

mag contraindications

A

3rd degree heart block, shock, severe hypertension, impaired renal function, hypocalcemia

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35
Q

mag SE

A

flushing, sweating, bradycardia, decreased deep tendon reflexes, drowsiness, respiratory depression, dysrhythmias, hypotension, hypothermia, itching, rash

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36
Q

mag adult asthma dose

A

2g in 100cc infused over 10 min

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37
Q

mag vt, vf, torsades no pulse adult dose

A

2g over 1-2 min

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38
Q

mag vt/torsades with pulse adult dose

A

1-2g in 50-100cc over 5-60 min

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39
Q

mag eclampsia dose

A

2-4g over 25 min

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40
Q

mag pedi asthma dose

A

25-50mg/kg infused over 15-30 min

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41
Q

mag pedi vt no pulse dose

A

25-50mg/kg

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42
Q

mag pedi vt with pulse dose

A

25-50 mg/kg over 10-20 min

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43
Q

mag precautions

A

watch for respiratory depression, have cacl2 available if OD

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44
Q

mag interactions

A

cardiac conduction abnormalities with digitalis

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45
Q

epi moa

A

a1 agonist causes peripheral vasoconstriction (increases SVT and BP); b2 agonist causes positive inotropy, chronotropy, dromotropy; b2 agonist causes bronchodilation; blocks destruction of MAST cells in anaphylaxis

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46
Q

epi indications

A

cardiac arrest; anaphylaxis/severe asthma; symptomatic bradycardia/hypotension

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47
Q

epi contraindications

A

HTN and tachydysrhythmias, caution with pregnancy and CAD

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48
Q

epi SE

A

anxiety, dysrhythmias, tremulousness, dizziness, N+V, increased myocardial oxygen demand

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49
Q

epi adult cardiac arrest dose

A

.5-1mg 1:10,000 q3-5 min

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50
Q

epi pedi cardiac arrest dose

A

.01mg/kg 1:10,000 q 3-5 min

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51
Q

epi bradycardia/hypotension adult dose

A

2-10 mcg/min

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52
Q

epi adult anaphylaxis dose

A

.3-.5mg IM 1:1000, then .1mg 1:10,000 over 3 min

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53
Q

epi pedi anaphylaxis dose

A

.01mg/kg 1:1000 then .01mg/kg 1:10,000 max dose .3mg

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54
Q

epi precautions

A

protect from light

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55
Q

epi interactions

A

inactivated by alkaline solutions, effect intensified by antidepressants, reacts with cacl2 and nahco3 to form ppt in tubing

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56
Q

nitroglycerin trade

A

nitrostat

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57
Q

nitrostat generic

A

nitroglycerin

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58
Q

nitro drug class

A

nitrate/vasodilator

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59
Q

nitro moa

A

converted to NO, activates GTP to cGMP +2pi activates cascade that reduces intracellular Ca2+ causing VSMC relaxation, decreasing cardiac preload and afterload

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60
Q

nitro indications

A

angina, CHF/pulmonary edema

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61
Q

nitro contraindications

A

shock, ICP, children under 12, ED drugs w/in last 48 hrs

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62
Q

nitro SE

A

HA, dizziness, weakness, tachycardia, mg SL hypotension, rash, dry mouth, N+V

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63
Q

nitro adult dose

A

0.4mg SL q3-5min until BP drops or pain relief (max 3x25min)

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64
Q

nitro precautions

A

monitor vitals, expect HA, do 12 lead prior, don’t use w/ R sided MI

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65
Q

nitro drug interactions

A

orthostatic hypotension with b-blockers, severe hypotension with alcohol

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66
Q

zofran drug class

A

antiemetic

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67
Q

zofran moa

A

serotonin R antagonist, especially at the vagal nerve

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68
Q

zofran indications

A

nausea/vomiting

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69
Q

zofran contraindications

A

hypersensitivity

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70
Q

zofran SE

A

HA, dizziness, tachycardia, chest pain, constipation, diarrhea, dry mouth, prolonged QT

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71
Q

zofran adult dose

A

4mg iv

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72
Q

zofran pedi dose

A

0.1mg/kg iv

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73
Q

zofran precaution

A

lower risk of sedation and dystonia than other antiemetics

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74
Q

zofran interactions

A

affects clearance and half-life with inducers and inhibitors of cytochrome p-450 enzymes

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75
Q

benadryl drug class

A

antihistamine

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76
Q

benadryl moa

A

competitive h1/h2 antagonist, blocks histamine release, inhibits reuptake and storage of dopamine leading to reduction of bronchoconstriction, vasodilation, increased vascular permeability

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77
Q

benadryl indications

A

allergic rx; anaphylaxis; dystonia

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78
Q

benadryl contraindications

A

hypersensitivity; asthma; nursing mothers

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79
Q

benadryl SE

A

sedation, dries bronchial secretions, blurred vision, HA, palpitations, dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, euphoria

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80
Q

benadryl precautions

A

caution with severe liver disease, asthma, narrow angle glaucoma, BPH; may cause hypotension

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81
Q

benadryl interactions

A

potentiates sedative effects of alcohol, benzos, narcotics, other anti-HTN’s

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82
Q

benadryl contraindications

A

hypersensitivity; asthma; nursing mothers

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83
Q

benadryl SE

A

sedation, dries bronchial secretions, blurred vision, HA, palpitations, dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, euphoria

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84
Q

adenosine drug class

A

class v antidysrhythmic/ nucleoside

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85
Q

adeonise moa

A

adenosine R agonist, slows AV conduction

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86
Q

adenosine indications

A

SVT; wide complex tachycardia

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87
Q

adenosine contraindications

A

2/3rd degree blocks; chemical induced SVT’s; caution with asthma, bronchospasm, unstable angine; torsades

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88
Q

adenosine SE

A

facial flushing, HA, chest pain, dizziness

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89
Q

adenosine pedi dose

A

1st dose 0.1mg/kg (max 6); 2nd dose 0.2 mg/kg (max 12) all followed by flush

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90
Q

adenosine precautions

A

print a strip as you’re pushing it; give in AC or higher

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91
Q

adenosine interactions

A

double the dose with methylxanthines; halve the dose with carbamazepines

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92
Q

amiodarone drug class

A

antidysrhythmic

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93
Q

amiodarone moa

A

class III antidysrhythmic/ K+ channel blocker prolongs cardiac AP and refractory period; has properties of Na+/Ca2+ channel blocker

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94
Q

amiodarone indications

A

VF and VT; wide complex tachycardia

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95
Q

amiodarone contraindications

A

cardiogenic shock, sinus node dysfunction, symptomatic bradycardia, 2nd/3rd degree blocks

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96
Q

amiodarone SE

A

hypotension, bradycardia, dyspnea, cough, dizziness, prolonged PR, QRS, QT intervals, increased ventricular beats

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97
Q

amiodarone VF/pulseless VT dose

A

300mg, repeat 150mg q3-5

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98
Q

amiodarone VF/ VT with a pulse dose

A

150mg over 10 min

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99
Q

amiodarone maintenance dose

A

1mg/min first 6 hrs, then 0.5mg/min

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100
Q

amiodarone VF/pulselss VT pedi dose

A

5mg/kg, max 300mg, max total dose 15 mg/kg

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101
Q

amiodarone VT with pulse pedi dose

A

5mg/kg over 20-60 min; max 300mg

102
Q

amiodarone precautions

A

caution in Pt’s with heart failure

103
Q

amiodarone interactions

A

warfarin, digoxin, procainamide, quinidine, phenytoin

104
Q

atropine drug class

A

anticholinergic

105
Q

atropine MOA

A

Ach R antagonist, positive chronotropy, no inotropic effect

106
Q

atropine indications

A

symptomatic bradycardia; premed for RSI hr<50 bpm; OP poisoning

107
Q

atropine contraindications

A

no longer recommended for PEA and asystole

108
Q

atropine SE

A

blurred vision, dilated pupils, dry mouth, tachycardia, drowsiness, confusion

109
Q

atropine adult bradycardia dose

A

0.5mg q3-5min max 3mg

110
Q

atropine RSI adult dose

A

.5-1mg

111
Q

atropine adult OP dose

A

2-5mg

112
Q

atropine pedi bradycardia dose

A

0.02mg/kg; min .1mg max .5mg in single dose

113
Q

atropine RSI pedi dose

A

0.02mg/kg

114
Q

atropine pedi OP dose

A

0.02-0.05mg/kg q 20-30min

115
Q

atropine precautions

A

don’t give less than .5 adult or .1 pedi; may cause paradoxical effect; may be ineffective in 2nd degree type II/3rd degree blocks; increases myocardial o2 demand

116
Q

atropine interactions

A

few ems

117
Q

cardizem drug class

A

Ca2+ channel blocker

118
Q

cardizem MOA

A

Ca2+ channel blocker, peripheral and coronary vasodilation, slowed conduction through AV node, negative inotropy, decreased myocardial O2 demand

119
Q

cardizem indications

A

rapid a-fib/a-flutter; SVT refractory to adenosine

120
Q

cadizem contraindications

A

severe hypotension, cardiogenic shock, CHF; wide complex tachycardia; WPW

121
Q

cardizem SE

A

N+V, dizziness, HA, bradycardia, heart block, hypotension, asystole

122
Q

cardizem adult dose

A

1st) 0.25mg/kg over 2 min (usually 15-20 mg; 2nd) 0.35mg/kg; maintenance dose 5-15 mg/hr

123
Q

cardizem pedi dose

A

not for pedi’s

124
Q

cardizem precautions

A

may cause hypotension, monitor BP, have CaCl2 available; lasts for 1 month out of refrigeration

125
Q

cardizem interactions

A

do not give to Pt’s receiving IV B-blockers, increases risk of CHF, bradycardia

126
Q

fentanyl moa

A

opiate receptor agonist causes analgesia

127
Q

fentanyl indications

A

pain/adjunct for RSI

128
Q

fentanyl contraindications

A

hemmorhage/shock, hypersensitivity

129
Q

fentanyl SE

A

bradycardia, respiratory depression, apnea, chest wall rigidity

130
Q

fentanyl adult dose

A

1 mcg/kg max 100mcg, q10

131
Q

fentanyl pedi dose

A

1-2mcg/kg

132
Q

fentanyl precautions

A

caution with kidney and liver disfunction, halve the dose for elderly and administer q5

133
Q

fentanyl drug interactions

A

additive effects with CNS depressants, not for Pt who used MAOI’s w/in last 14 days

134
Q

morphine moa

A

opiate r agonist causes analgesia; increases periopheral venous capacitance and decreases venous return, decreasing myocardial o2 demand

135
Q

morphine indications

A

severe pain; pulmonary edema

136
Q

morphine contraindications

A

hypovolemia/hypotension, head injury with AMS, hypersensitivity to morphine, codeine, percodan; copd/compromised respiratory status

137
Q

morphine SE

A

N+V, abd. cramps, blurred vision, constricted pupils, AMS, HA, respiratory depression

138
Q

morphine adult dose

A

2-10mg initial, then 2mg q3 until relief

139
Q

morphine pedi dose

A

0.1mg/kg

140
Q

morphine precautions

A

causes respiratory depression, have narcan available

141
Q

morphine interactions

A

CNS depression with antihistamines, antiemetics, sedatives, hypnotics, barbituates, alcohol

142
Q

aspirin trade

A

bayer

143
Q

bayer generic

A

aspirin, acetylsalicylic acid, ASA

144
Q

aspirin drug class

A

platelet aggregation inhibitor/NSAID

145
Q

aspirin moa

A

inhibits platelet aggregation by blocking the formation of thromboxane a2; a cox inhibitor, inhibits prostaglandin synthesis and spread of inflammation

146
Q

aspirin indications

A

ACS

147
Q

aspirin contraindications

A

hypersensitivity, active ulcers and asthma

148
Q

aspirin SE

A

GI bleeding, wheezing, N+V, heartburn, prolonged bleeding

149
Q

aspirin adult dose

A

160-324mg of baby aspirin chewed

150
Q

aspirin pedi dose

A

not for pedi

151
Q

aspirin precautions

A

can cause GI upset

152
Q

aspirin drug interactions

A

increased SE with other anti-inflammatories, decreased absorption with antacids

153
Q

dopamine HCL trade

A

intropin

154
Q

intropin generic

A

dopamine hcl

155
Q

dopamine moa

A

a1 agonist causes peripheral vasoconstriction; b1 agonist causes positive inotropy

156
Q

dopamine indications

A

hypotension not caused by hypovolemia, cardiogenic shock, symptomatic bradycardia

157
Q

dopamine contraindications

A

hypovolemia where fluids have not been administered to max capacity, pheochromocytoma, tachydysrhythmias and VF

158
Q

dopamine SE

A

nervousness, HA, dysrhythmias, palpitations, chest pain, dyspnea, N+V

159
Q

dopamine dose

A

2-5mcg/kg/min mesentery dose; 5-10mcg/kg/min stimulates b effects; 10-20mcg/kg/min stimulates a effects

160
Q

dopamine precautions

A

keep out of sunlight

161
Q

dopamine interactions

A

deactivated by alkaline solutions; maoi’s; hypotension with dilantin

162
Q

succinylcholine generic

A

anectine

163
Q

anectine generic

A

succinylcholine

164
Q

succ drug class

A

depolarizing neuromuscular blocker

165
Q

succ moa

A

cholinergic r-agonist; causes initial wide-spread depolarization and prevents Ach from binding and causing further stimulation

166
Q

succ indications

A

to paralyze Pt before intubating

167
Q

succ contraindications

A

penetrating eye injuries, narrow angle glaucoma, hyperkalemia, malignant hyperthermia

168
Q

succ SE

A

wheezing, respiratory depression, apnea, aspiration, dysrhythmias, bradycardia, sinus arrest, HTN, hypotension, increased intraocular pressure, increased ICP

169
Q

succ adult dose

A

1-2mg/kg

170
Q

succ pedi dose

A

1mg/kg

171
Q

succ precautions

A

Fx in children, may cause dysrhythmias and CA, should be used by experienced providers, have rescue airways available

172
Q

succ interactions

A

potentiated by lidocaine, procainamide, B blockers, mag sulfate, other neuromuscular blockers

173
Q

etomidate trade

A

amidate

174
Q

amidate generic

A

etomidate

175
Q

etomidate drug class

A

sedative/hypnotic

176
Q

etomidate moa

A

depresses reticular activating system and potentiates GABA

177
Q

etomidate indications

A

induction agent for RSI

178
Q

etomidate contraindications

A

hypersensitivity

179
Q

etomidate SE

A

myoclonic skeletal muscle movement, apnea, hyperventilation, hypoventilation, laryngospasm, HTN, hypotension, tachycardia, bradycardia, N+V

180
Q

etomidate adult dose

A

0.1-0.3mg/kg over 15-30 sec

181
Q

etomidate pedi dose

A

0.1-0.3mg/kg over 15-30 sec

182
Q

etomidate precautions

A

caution with hypotension, severe asthma, severe cardiovascular disease

183
Q

etomidate interactions

A

prolonged respiratory depression with verapamil

184
Q

Succ onset

A

30-60 sec iv; 2-3 min im

185
Q

Succ peak

A

1-3 min

186
Q

Succ duration

A

2-3 min iv, 10-30 min im

187
Q

Etomidate onset

A

10-20 sec

188
Q

Etomidate peak

A

<1 min

189
Q

Etomidate duration

A

3-5 min

190
Q

Albuterol onset

A

5-15 min

191
Q

Albuterol peak

A

1-1.5hrs

192
Q

Albuterol duration

A

3-6 hrs

193
Q

Mag onset

A

Immediate iv, 1hr im

194
Q

Mag peak

A

Varies

195
Q

Mag duration

A

1 hr

196
Q

Mag half life

A

N/a

197
Q

epi onset

A

<2 min iv; 3-10 min im

198
Q

epi peak

A

<20 min im, 5 min iv

199
Q

epi duration

A

5-10 min iv; 20-30 min im

200
Q

fentanyl onset

A

immediate

201
Q

fentanyl peak

A

3-5 min

202
Q

fentanyl duration

A

30-60 min

203
Q

morphine onset

A

immediate iv; 15-30 min im

204
Q

morphine peak

A

20 min iv; 30-60 min im

205
Q

morphine duration

A

2-7 hrs

206
Q

adenosine onset

A

immediate

207
Q

adenosine peak

A

immediate

208
Q

adenosine duration

A

30-45 seconds

209
Q

amiodarone onset

A

immediate

210
Q

amiodarone peak

A

30-45 min

211
Q

amiodarone duration

A

varies

212
Q

atropine onset

A

immediate

213
Q

atropine peak

A

2-4 min

214
Q

atropine duration

A

4 hrs

215
Q

cardizem onset

A

3 min

216
Q

cardizem peak

A

7 min

217
Q

cardizem duration

A

1-3 hrs

218
Q

vecuronium trade

A

norcuron

219
Q

norcuron generic

A

vecuronium

220
Q

vecuronium drug class

A

non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker

221
Q

vecuronium moa

A

cholinergic r-antagonist, prevents binding of Ach at neuromuscular junction

222
Q

vecuronium onset

A

<1 min

223
Q

vecuronium peak

A

3-5 min

224
Q

vecuronium duration

A

25-40 min

225
Q

vecuronium indications

A

paralytic for RSI

226
Q

vecuronium contraindications

A

hypersensitivity

227
Q

vecuronium SE

A

wheezing, respiratory depression, apnea, aspiration, dysrhythmias, bradycardia, sinus arrest, HTN, hypotension, increased intraocular pressure, increased ICP

228
Q

vecuronium adult dose

A

0.08-0.1mg/kg

229
Q

vecuronium pedi dose

A

0.1mg/kg

230
Q

vecuronium precautions

A

skilled provider, have rescue airway device ready

231
Q

vecuronium interactions

A

potentiated by lidocaine, procainamide, B blockers, mag sulfate, other neuromuscular blockers

232
Q

rocuronium trade

A

zemuron

233
Q

zemuron generic

A

rocuronium

234
Q

rocuronium drug class

A

non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker

235
Q

rocuronium onset

A

30-60 sec

236
Q

rocuronium moa

A

cholinergic R-antagonist, prevents Ach from binding at neuromuscular junction

237
Q

rocuronium peak

A

1-3 min

238
Q

rocuronium duration

A

30-60 min

239
Q

rocuronium contraindications

A

hypersensitivity

240
Q

rocuronium indications

A

paralytic for RSI

241
Q

rocuronium SE

A

bronchospasms

242
Q

rocuronium adult dose

A

0.6-1.2mg/kg

243
Q

rocuronium pedi dose

A

0.6mg/kg

244
Q

rocuronium precautions

A

skilled provider, have rescue airway available

245
Q

rocuronium interactions

A

potentiated by procainamide, lidocaine, B blockers, mag sulfate, other neuromuscular blockers

246
Q

nitro onset

A

1-3 min SL; 30 min topical

247
Q

nitro peak

A

5-10 min SL; topical varies

248
Q

nitro duration

A

20-30 min SL; 3-6 hrs topical

249
Q

epi onset

A

<2 min iv, 3-10 min im

250
Q

epi peak

A

<5 min iv, 20 min im

251
Q

epi duration

A

5-10 min iv, 20-30 min im

Paramedic (17 decks)

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