Drug Quiz 8 Flashcards
NS, CaCl2, NaHCO3, Albuterol, D50
0.9% sodium chloride trade
normal saline
normal saline generic
0.9% sodium chloride
NS classification
isotonic crystalloid solution
NS mechanism
volume replacement, water, electrolytes
NS onset
immediate
NS peak
immediate
NS duration
varies
NS half life
N/A
NS indications
dehydration, hypotension/hypovolemia, DKA
NS contraindications
pulmonary edema, severe hypotension
NS side effects
may induce pulmonary edema in Pt’s w/ CHF
NS adult dose
200-250CC until 100 systolic or max of 2000cc
NS pedi dose
20cc/kg IV for >1mos; 10cc/kg for <1mos
NS precautions
may cause depletion of other electrolytes, may dilute O2 carrying capacity with severe bleeding, use dopamine after 2L infused
NS interactions
none
CaCl2 trade name
none
CaCl2 drug class
mineral/electrolyte
CaCl2 mechanism
replacement of elemental calcium, increases myocardial contractility and ventricular automaticity
CaCl2 onset
immediate
CaCl2 peak
unknown
CaCl2 duration
varies
CaCl2 half life
N/A
CaCl2 indications
hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, Ca2+ channel blocker toxicity, crush syndrome, hypermagnesemia, abd muscle spasms due to brown recluse spider or man of war jellyfish, CA secondary to suspected hyperkalemia
CaCl2 contraindications
hypercalcemia
CaCl2 side effects
bradycardia, dysrhythmias, syncope, CA
CaCl2 adult dose
8-16mg/kg or 500-1000mg IV
CaCl2 pedi dose
20mg/kg IV
CaCl2 precautions
tissue necrosis if bad line, caution with digitalis, may cause dig toxicity
CaCl2 interactions
forms PPT with NaHCO3, dig toxicity
Sodium Bicarb trade name
none
bicarb drug class
alkalinizing agent/electrolyte
bicarb MOA
just give the formula
bicarb onset
immediate
bicarb peak
<15 min
bicarb duration
1-2 hrs
bicarb half life
n/a
bicarb indications
metabolic but not respiratory acidosis; TCA OD
bicarb contraindications
TUMS OD, routine CA
bicarb side effects
none
bicarb dose
1mEq/kg IV
bicarb precautions
causes metabolic alkalosis in large quantities
bicarb interactions
deactivates catecholamines and vasopressors, reacts with CaCl2 to form PPT
albuterol sulfate trade name
proventil hfa, proair hfa
proventil hfa, proair hfa generic
albuterol sulfate
albuterol drug class
sympathomimetic
albuterol moa
b2 agonist causes bronchodilation
albuterol onset
5-15 min
albuterol peak
1-1.5 hrs
albuterol duration
3-6 hrs
albueterol half life
<3 hrs
albuterol indications
asthma, copd bronchospasms
albuterol contraindications
hypersensitivity, symptomatic tachycardia
albuterol SE
anxiety, palpitations, nervousness, HTN
albuerol mdi adult
90 mcg 1 or 2 sprays
albuterol adult neb dose
2.5mg in 2.5ml NS over 5-15 min
albuterol pedi neb dose
2.5mg in 2.5ml NS over 5-15 min
albuterol precautions
monitor BP, pulse, EKG, use caution with heart disease and HTN, check LS before and after
albuterol interactions
SE increase with other sympathetic agonists, B blockers blunt effects, MAOI and TCA potentiate cardiovascular effects
50% dextrose in water trade
d50
d50 generic
50% dextrose in water
d50 class
carbohydrate
d50 action
principal form of glucose used by body to create energy
d50 onset
<1 min
d50 peak
varies
d50 duration
varies
d50 half life
n/a
d50 indications
hypoglycemia
d50 contraindications
none
d50 SE
necrosis and phlebitis at injection site; warmth, pain, burning at injection site, Wernicke’s encephalopathy or Korsakoff’s psychosis if Pt is thiamine deficient
d50 adult dose
25 g in 50 ml IV
d50 pedi dose
dilute 1:1 to make d25 and give 0.5-1 g/kg
d50 precautions
increased ICP, ensure line, check BGL before/after, administer 100 mg of thiamine if suspected deficiency
d50 interactions
none
