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Paramedic > Drug quiz 13 - Trauma Drugs > Flashcards

Drug quiz 13 - Trauma Drugs Flashcards

Mannitol, Tetracaine, Nitrous Oxide, Solu-medrol, Fentanyl, Morphine

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1
Q

fentanyl citrate trade name

A

sublimaze

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2
Q

sublimaze generic

A

fentanyl citrate

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3
Q

fentanyl drug class

A

narcotic analgesic

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4
Q

fentanyl moa

A

opiate R-agonist causes analgesia

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5
Q

fentanyl onset

A

immediate

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6
Q

fentanyl peak

A

3-5 min IV

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7
Q

fentanyl duration

A

30-60 min

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8
Q

fentanyl half life

A

6-8 hrs

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9
Q

fentanyl indications

A

severe pain and adjunct for RSI

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10
Q

fentanyl contraindications

A

hemorrage/shock; hypersensitivity

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11
Q

fentanyl SE

A

bradycardia, respiratory depression, apnea, chest wall rigidity

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12
Q

fentanyl adult dose

A

1mcg/kg slow IV, max single dose of 100mcg, q10

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13
Q

fentanyl pedi dose

A

1-2mcg/kg slow IV

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14
Q

fentanyl precautions

A

caution with kidney and liver dysfunction, halve the dose for elder Pt’s and dose q5

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15
Q

fentanyl interactions

A

additive effects with CNS depressants, not for Pt who used MAOI’s w/in last 14 days

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16
Q

mannitol trade name

A

osmotrol

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17
Q

osmotrol generic name

A

mannitol

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18
Q

mannitol drug class

A

osmotic diuretic

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19
Q

mannitol moa

A

osmotic diuretic that inhibits sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys and promotes fluid shift from intracellular to extracellular space

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20
Q

mannitol onset

A

15 minutes

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21
Q

mannitol peak

A

3-8 hrs

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22
Q

mannitol duration

A

varies

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23
Q

mannitol half life

A

100 minutes

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24
Q

mannitol indications

A

cerebral edema, blood transfusion Rx’s

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25
Q

mannitol contraindications

A

acute pulmonary edema, severe pulmonary congestion, hypovolemia

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26
Q

mannitol SE

A

chills, HA, dizziness, lethargy, change in mental status, chest pain, N+V

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27
Q

mannitol adult dose

A

1.5-2g/kg IV slow bolus

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28
Q

mannitol pedi dose

A

0.25-0.5g/kg IV over 60 min

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29
Q

mannitol precautions

A

rapid administration can cause transient volume overload and CHF; diuresis can cause sodium depletion; crystallization begins as temperature approaches 45 degrees F, always use in-line filter

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30
Q

mannitol interactions

A

damages RBC’s, do not give with whole blood or packed RBC’s

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31
Q

methyprednisolone trade

A

solu-medrol

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32
Q

solu-medrol generic

A

methylprednisolone

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33
Q

solu-medrol moa

A

upregulates genes that inhibit inflammatory agents an immunosuppressant

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34
Q

solu-medrol onset

A

2-6 hrs

35
Q

solu-medrol peak

A

4-8 days

36
Q

solu-medrol duration

A

1-5 weeks

37
Q

solu-medrol half-life

A

3.5 hrs

38
Q

solu-medrol indications

A

severe anaphylaxis, hives; asthma, COPD; spinal cord injury

39
Q

solu-medrol contraindications

A

none ems

40
Q

solu-medrol SE

A

fluid retention, CHF, HTN, abdominal distention, vertigo, HA, nausea, malaise, hiccups

41
Q

solu-medrol adult asthma/anaphylaxis dose

A

125-250mg IV

42
Q

solu-medrol spinal cord injury

A

30mg/kg iv over 15 min, maintenance of 5.4mg/kg/hr for 24-48 hrs

43
Q

solu-medrol pedi asthma/anaphylaxis dose

A

2mg/kg iv; max dose 80mg

44
Q

solu-medrol precautions

A

one dose prehospitally; prolonged wound healing; suppression of adrenocortical steroids

45
Q

solu-medrol interactions

A

lasix and thiazide diuretics increase K loss, decreased effect with phenytoin, phenobarbital, and rifampin due to increased metabolism of steroids

46
Q

morphine sulfate drug class

A

narcotic analgesic

47
Q

morphine MOA

A

opiate R agonist causes CNS depression, induces analgesia and sedation, decreases myocardial oxygen demand

48
Q

morphine onset

A

immediate iv, 15-30 min im

49
Q

morphine peak

A

20 min iv, 30-60 im

50
Q

morphine duration

A

2-7 hrs

51
Q

morphine half-life

A

1-7 hrs

52
Q

morphine indications

A

severe pain; pulmonary edema

53
Q

morphine contraindications

A

hypovolemia or hypotension; undiagnosed head injury; hypersensitivity to morphine, codeine, percodan; COPD/compromised respiratory status

54
Q

morphine SE

A

N+V, abd cramps, blurred vision, constricted pupils, AMS, HA, respiratory depression

55
Q

morphine adult dose

A

2-10mg initial then 2mg every few minutes until relief

56
Q

morphine pedi dose

A

0.1mg/kg iv

57
Q

morphine precautions

A

have narcan available in case of respiratory depression

58
Q

morphine drug interactions

A

additive effects with antihistamines, antiemetics, sedatives, hypnotics, barbituates, alcohol

59
Q

nitrous oxide trade name

A

nitronox, entonox

60
Q

nitronox, entonox generic

A

nitrous oxide

61
Q

nitrous oxide moa

A

NMDA receptor antagonist, creates dissociative anesthesia, euphoria, and analgesia

62
Q

nitrous oxide onset

A

2-5 min

63
Q

nitrous oxide peak

A

2-5 min

64
Q

nitrous oxide duration

A

2-5 min

65
Q

nitrous oxide half life

A

5 min

66
Q

nitrous oxide indications

A

acute musculoskeletal pain; burns; ischemic chest pain; anxiety

67
Q

nitrous oxide contraindications

A

AMS secondary to drugs, alcohol, head injury; inability to comprehend verbal instructions, Pt with COPD, abdominal pain/distention, or pneumothorax

68
Q

nitrous oxide SE

A

dizziness, light-headedness, AMS, hallucinations, N+V

69
Q

nitrous oxide adult dose

A

50/50 mixture oxygen and nitrous oxide self administered until relief or Pt drops the mask

70
Q

nitrous oxide precautions

A

use in well ventilated areas; may be impossible to use in temperatures under 21 degrees

71
Q

nitrous oxide interactions

A

may potentiate other CNS depressants

72
Q

tetracaine drug class

A

topical anesthetic

73
Q

tetracaine moa

A

Na+ channel blocker, decreases rate of nerve depolarization causing local anaesthetic effect

74
Q

tetracaine onset

A

30 seconds

75
Q

tetracaine peak

A

30 seconds

76
Q

tetracaine duration

A

10-15 min

77
Q

tetracaine half-life

A

n/a

78
Q

tetracaine indications

A

burns to the eyes; to facilitate insertion of Morgan lens

79
Q

tetracaine contraindications

A

hypersensitivity

80
Q

tetracaine SE

A

stinging, ocular irritation, redness, delayed ocular wound healing

81
Q

tetracaine adult dose

A

1-2 drops 0.5% solution q5-10min, max dose 6 drops per eye

82
Q

tetracaine precautions

A

caution with hyperthyroidism; avoid prolonged use

83
Q

tetracaine interactions

A

none

Paramedic (17 decks)

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